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History of the function concept information


The mathematical concept of a function dates from the 17th century in connection with the development of the calculus; for example, the slope of a graph at a point was regarded as a function of the x-coordinate of the point. Functions were not explicitly considered in antiquity, but some precursors of the concept can perhaps be seen in the work of medieval philosophers and mathematicians such as Oresme.

Mathematicians of the 18th century typically regarded a function as being defined by an analytic expression. In the 19th century, the demands of the rigorous development of analysis by Weierstrass and others, the reformulation of geometry in terms of analysis, and the invention of set theory by Cantor, eventually led to the much more general modern concept of a function as a single-valued mapping from one set to another.

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History of the function concept

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The mathematical concept of a function dates from the 17th century in connection with the development of the calculus; for example, the slope d y / d...

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Injective function

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mathematics, an injective function (also known as injection, or one-to-one function ) is a function f that maps distinct elements of its domain to distinct...

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Inverse function

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mathematics, the inverse function of a function f (also called the inverse of f) is a function that undoes the operation of f. The inverse of f exists if...

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Function composition

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g(f(x)). In this operation, the function g is applied to the result of applying the function f to x. That is, the functions f : X → Y and g : Y → Z are...

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Partial function

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element of the second set; it is thus a univalent relation. This generalizes the concept of a (total) function by not requiring every element of the first...

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Surjective function

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surjective function (also known as surjection, or onto function /ˈɒn.tuː/) is a function f such that, for every element y of the function's codomain, there...

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Graph of a function

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In mathematics, the graph of a function f {\displaystyle f} is the set of ordered pairs ( x , y ) {\displaystyle (x,y)} , where f ( x ) = y . {\displaystyle...

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Bijection

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bijective function, or one-to-one correspondence between two mathematical sets is a function such that each element of the second set (the codomain) is...

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Function space

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In mathematics, a function space is a set of functions between two fixed sets. Often, the domain and/or codomain will have additional structure which...

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Constant function

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mathematics, a constant function is a function whose (output) value is the same for every input value. As a real-valued function of a real-valued argument...

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Function of several real variables

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variables. This concept extends the idea of a function of a real variable to several variables. The "input" variables take real values, while the "output",...

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Function of a real variable

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natural sciences, a function of a real variable is a function whose domain is the real numbers R {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} } , or a subset of R {\displaystyle...

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Concept

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integrate concepts into a wider theory of the mind, what functions are allowed or disallowed by a concept's ontology, etc. There are two main views of the ontology...

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Limit of a function

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In mathematics, the limit of a function is a fundamental concept in calculus and analysis concerning the behavior of that function near a particular input...

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History of mathematics

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function concept History of geometry History of group theory History of logic History of mathematicians History of mathematical notation History of measurement...

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History of the concept of creativity

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The ways in which societies have perceived the concept of creativity have changed throughout history, as has the term itself. The ancient Greek concept...

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Continuous function

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functions. The epsilon–delta definition of a limit was introduced to formalize the definition of continuity. Continuity is one of the core concepts of...

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History of logic

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portal History of deductive reasoning History of inductive reasoning History of abductive reasoning History of the function concept History of Mathematics...

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Complex analysis

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concerned with analytic functions of a complex variable, that is, holomorphic functions. The concept can be extended to functions of several complex variables...

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Wave function collapse

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mechanics, wave function collapse, also called reduction of the state vector, occurs when a wave function—initially in a superposition of several eigenstates—reduces...

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Currying

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the technique of translating a function that takes multiple arguments into a sequence of families of functions, each taking a single argument. In the...

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Hash function

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A hash function is any function that can be used to map data of arbitrary size to fixed-size values, though there are some hash functions that support...

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Range of a function

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mathematics, the range of a function may refer to either of two closely related concepts: the codomain of the function, or the image of the function. In some...

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Domain of a function

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In mathematics, the domain of a function is the set of inputs accepted by the function. It is sometimes denoted by dom ⁡ ( f ) {\displaystyle \operatorname...

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