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History of probability information


Probability has a dual aspect: on the one hand the likelihood of hypotheses given the evidence for them, and on the other hand the behavior of stochastic processes such as the throwing of dice or coins. The study of the former is historically older in, for example, the law of evidence, while the mathematical treatment of dice began with the work of Cardano, Pascal, Fermat and Christiaan Huygens between the 16th and 17th century.

Probability deals with random experiments with a known distribution, Statistics deals with inference from the data about the unknown distribution.

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History of probability

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Probability has a dual aspect: on the one hand the likelihood of hypotheses given the evidence for them, and on the other hand the behavior of stochastic...

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Probability

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Probability is the branch of mathematics concerning events and numerical descriptions of how likely they are to occur. The probability of an event is...

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Probability theory

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Probability theory or probability calculus is the branch of mathematics concerned with probability. Although there are several different probability interpretations...

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Poker probability

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the probability of each type of 5-card hand can be computed by calculating the proportion of hands of that type among all possible hands. Probability and...

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Bayesian probability

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Bayesian probability (/ˈbeɪziən/ BAY-zee-ən or /ˈbeɪʒən/ BAY-zhən) is an interpretation of the concept of probability, in which, instead of frequency or...

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History of statistics

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using probabilities, hence the connection with probability theory. The large requirements of data processing have made statistics a key application of computing...

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List of probability topics

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catalog of articles in probability theory. For distributions, see List of probability distributions. For journals, see list of probability journals. For contributors...

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Stochastic process

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In probability theory and related fields, a stochastic (/stəˈkæstɪk/) or random process is a mathematical object usually defined as a sequence of random...

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Timeline of probability and statistics

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following is a timeline of probability and statistics. 8th century – Al-Khalil, an Arab mathematician studying cryptology, wrote the Book of Cryptographic Messages...

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Frequentist probability

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Frequentist probability or frequentism is an interpretation of probability; it defines an event's probability as the limit of its relative frequency in...

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Poisson distribution

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In probability theory and statistics, the Poisson distribution is a discrete probability distribution that expresses the probability of a given number...

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Probability interpretations

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The word probability has been used in a variety of ways since it was first applied to the mathematical study of games of chance. Does probability measure...

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Binomial distribution

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In probability theory and statistics, the binomial distribution with parameters n and p is the discrete probability distribution of the number of successes...

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Median

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The median of a set of numbers is the value separating the higher half from the lower half of a data sample, a population, or a probability distribution...

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The Taming of Chance

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The Taming of Chance is a 1990 book about the history of probability by the philosopher Ian Hacking. First published by Cambridge University Press, it...

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Outline of statistics

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though closely allied, field. History of statistics Founders of statistics History of probability Timeline of probability and statistics Descriptive statistics...

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A Philosophical Essay on Probabilities

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Philosophical Essay on Probabilities is a work by Pierre-Simon Laplace on the mathematical theory of probability. The book consists of two parts, the first...

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Appeal to probability

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to probability (or appeal to possibility, also known as possibiliter ergo probabiliter, "possibly, therefore probably") is the logical fallacy of taking...

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Founders of statistics

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portal List of statisticians History of statistics Timeline of probability and statistics List of people considered father or mother of a scientific...

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Probability current

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probability current (sometimes called probability flux) is a mathematical quantity describing the flow of probability. Specifically, if one thinks of...

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List of statistics articles

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Calculus of predispositions Calibrated probability assessment Calibration (probability) – subjective probability, redirects to Calibrated probability assessment...

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Stochastic

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στόχος (stókhos) 'aim, guess') refers to the property of being well-described by a random probability distribution. Although stochasticity and randomness...

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Markov chain

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process is a stochastic model describing a sequence of possible events in which the probability of each event depends only on the state attained in the...

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Expected value

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of the possible values a random variable can take, weighted by the probability of those outcomes. Since it is obtained through arithmetic, the expected...

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An Essay towards solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances

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Essay towards solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances is a work on the mathematical theory of probability by Thomas Bayes, published in 1763, two years...

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