This article is about fractures of the proximal femur. For fractures of the nonacetabular portion of the hip bone, see Pelvic fracture. For fractures of the acetabulum, see Acetabular fracture.
Osteoporosis, taking many medications, alcohol use, metastatic cancer[2][1]
Diagnostic method
X-ray, MRI, CT scan, bone scan[3][2]
Differential diagnosis
Osteoarthritis, avascular necrosis of the hip, hernia, trochanteric bursitis[3]
Prevention
Improved lighting, removal of loose rugs, exercise, treatment of osteoporosis[1]
Treatment
Surgery[1]
Medication
Opioids, nerve block[1]
Prognosis
~20% one year risk of death (older people)[3][1]
Frequency
~15% of women at some point[1]
A hip fracture is a break that occurs in the upper part of the femur (thigh bone), at the femoral neck or (rarely) the femoral head.[2] Symptoms may include pain around the hip, particularly with movement, and shortening of the leg.[2] Usually the person cannot walk.[3]
A hip fracture is usually a femoral neck fracture. Such fractures most often occur as a result of a fall.[3] (Femoral head fractures are a rare kind of hip fracture that may also be the result of a fall but are more commonly caused by more violent incidents such as traffic accidents.) Risk factors include osteoporosis, taking many medications, alcohol use, and metastatic cancer.[2][1] Diagnosis is generally by X-rays.[2] Magnetic resonance imaging, a CT scan, or a bone scan may occasionally be required to make the diagnosis.[3][2]
Pain management may involve opioids or a nerve block.[1][4] If the person's health allows, surgery is generally recommended within two days.[2][1] Options for surgery may include a total hip replacement or stabilizing the fracture with screws.[2] Treatment to prevent blood clots following surgery is recommended.[1]
About 15% of women break their hip at some point in life;[1] women are more often affected than men.[1] Hip fractures become more common with age.[1] The risk of death in the year following a fracture is about 20% in older people.[1][3]
^ abcdefghijklmnopqFerri FF (2017). Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2018 E-Book: 5 Books in 1. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 615. ISBN 9780323529570. Archived from the original on 13 October 2017.
^ abcdefghij"Hip Fractures". OrthoInfo - AAOS. April 2009. Archived from the original on 29 June 2017. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
^ abcdefghBrunner LC, Eshilian-Oates L, Kuo TY (February 2003). "Hip fractures in adults". American Family Physician. 67 (3): 537–542. PMID 12588076.
^Guay J, Parker MJ, Griffiths R, Kopp SL (May 2018). "Peripheral Nerve Blocks for Hip Fractures: A Cochrane Review". Anesthesia and Analgesia. 126 (5): 1695–1704. doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000002489. PMID 28991122. S2CID 37497179.
A hipfracture is a break that occurs in the upper part of the femur (thigh bone), at the femoral neck or (rarely) the femoral head. Symptoms may include...
fractureHipfracture (anatomically a fracture of the femur bone and not the hip bone) Patella fracture Crus fracture Tibia fracture Pilon fracture Tibial...
Fractures of the long bones acutely impair mobility and may require surgery. Hipfracture, in particular, usually requires prompt surgery, as serious risks are...
generally conducted to relieve arthritis pain or in some hipfractures. A total hip replacement (total hip arthroplasty or THA) consists of replacing both the...
legs alternately flexed/extended at the hip so they travel in different planes and do not intersect. A hipfracture is a break that occurs in the upper part...
fracture of the femoral neck is classified as a type of hipfracture. It is often due to osteoporosis; in the vast majority of cases, a hipfracture is...
ribs. Fractures of the hip bone are termed pelvic fractures, and should not be confused with hipfractures, which are actually femoral fractures that occur...
possible causes; the treatment is often total hip replacement Occult hipfracture, a fine crack somewhere in the hip socket, common in elderly women and those...
those are conventionally called hipfractures (because they involve the hip joint region). Thus, mentions of femoral fracture in medicine usually refer implicitly...
by fracture association and by the positioning of the dislocated femoral head. A posteriorly positioned head is the most common dislocation type. Hip dislocations...
who have had a hipfracture or are recovering from a hip replacement. This type of bedpan may be used for those who cannot raise their hips high enough or...
under development for the treatment of muscle atrophy in people with hipfracture. It was also under development for the treatment of cachexia, hypogonadism...
location of a hipfracture. In those cases where the John Thomas sign is positive, it has been proposed that a person with a displaced hipfracture may try...
hard or soft) along the outside of each hip/leg, designed to prevent hipfractures following a fall. Recent developments include the use of double-sided...
National HipFracture Database (NHFD) is a nationwide audit within the NHS concerning the management and outcomes of patients with hipfractures. It was...
A pelvic fracture is a break of the bony structure of the pelvis. This includes any break of the sacrum, hip bones (ischium, pubis, ilium), or tailbone...
The Segond fracture is a type of avulsion fracture (soft tissue structures pulling off fragments of their bony attachment) from the lateral tibial plateau...
Dynamic hip screw (DHS) or Sliding Screw Fixation is a type of orthopaedic implant designed for fixation of certain types of hipfractures which allows...
probability of hipfracture and the 10-year probability of a major osteoporotic fracture (clinical spine, forearm, hip or shoulder fracture). The models...
The Galeazzi fracture is a fracture of the distal third of the radius with dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint. It classically involves an isolated...
probability of hipfracture and the probability of a major osteoporotic fracture (MOF), which could occur in a bone other than the hip. In addition to...
maneuvere, an orthopedic investigation for fracture of the hip joint, the Thomas test, a method of detecting hip deformity by having the patient lying flat...
dashboard injury accompanied by a fracture of the femur. The acetabulum is a cavity situated on the outer surface of the hip bone, also called the coxal bone...
femoral fracture that involves the femoral head, femoral neck or the shaft of the femur immediately below the lesser trochanter may be classified as a hip fracture...
age 50 with: previous bone fracture from minor trauma. rheumatoid arthritis. low body weight. a parent with a hipfracture. individuals with vertebral...
incidence of traffic collisions among driving patients, and falls and hipfracture for older patients. Prolonged convulsive epileptic seizures are a medical...
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