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Hilbert matrix information


In linear algebra, a Hilbert matrix, introduced by Hilbert (1894), is a square matrix with entries being the unit fractions

For example, this is the 5 × 5 Hilbert matrix:

The entries can also be defined by the integral

that is, as a Gramian matrix for powers of x. It arises in the least squares approximation of arbitrary functions by polynomials.

The Hilbert matrices are canonical examples of ill-conditioned matrices, being notoriously difficult to use in numerical computation. For example, the 2-norm condition number of the matrix above is about 4.8×105.

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Hilbert matrix

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In linear algebra, a Hilbert matrix, introduced by Hilbert (1894), is a square matrix with entries being the unit fractions H i j = 1 i + j − 1 . {\displaystyle...

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Symmetric matrix

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this formulation is used is in Hilbert spaces. The finite-dimensional spectral theorem says that any symmetric matrix whose entries are real can be diagonalized...

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Cauchy matrix

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sequences (they contain distinct elements). The Hilbert matrix is a special case of the Cauchy matrix, where x i − y j = i + j − 1. {\displaystyle x_{i}-y_{j}=i+j-1...

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David Hilbert

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David Hilbert Foundations of geometry Hilbert C*-module Hilbert cube Hilbert curve Hilbert matrix Hilbert metric Hilbert–Mumford criterion Hilbert number...

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Hilbert space

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In mathematics, Hilbert spaces (named after David Hilbert) allow the methods of linear algebra and calculus to be generalized from (finite-dimensional)...

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Hankel matrix

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{\displaystyle T} up to sign. The Hilbert matrix is an example of a Hankel matrix. The determinant of a Hankel matrix is called a catalecticant. Given...

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Condition number

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norm on the matrix. Numerical methods for linear least squares Numerical stability Hilbert matrix Ill-posed problem Singular value Wilson matrix Belsley,...

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Density matrix

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{\displaystyle |1\rangle } in a two-dimensional Hilbert space, then the density operator is represented by the matrix ( ρ i j ) = ( ρ 00 ρ 01 ρ 10 ρ 11 ) = (...

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List of functional analysis topics

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Orthogonalization Parallelogram law Normal matrix, normal operator Orthogonal matrix Unitary matrix Semi-Hilbert space Diagonal matrix Eigenvector, eigenvalue, eigenfunction...

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Unit fraction

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a Hilbert matrix. It has the unusual property that all elements in its inverse matrix are integers. Similarly, Richardson (2001) defined a matrix whose...

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Spectral theorem

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result about when a linear operator or matrix can be diagonalized (that is, represented as a diagonal matrix in some basis). This is extremely useful...

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Square root of a matrix

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square root of a matrix extends the notion of square root from numbers to matrices. A matrix B is said to be a square root of A if the matrix product BB is...

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Matrix norm

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such norms are referred to as matrix norms. Matrix norms differ from vector norms in that they must also interact with matrix multiplication. Given a field...

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List of things named after David Hilbert

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scheduling Hilbert field Hilbert function Hilbert manifold Hilbert matrix Hilbert metric Hilbert modular form Hilbert modular variety Hilbert–Mumford criterion...

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Unitary operator

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on finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces, so the notion of a unitary operator is a generalization of the notion of a unitary matrix. Orthogonal matrices are...

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Matrix decomposition

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algebra, a matrix decomposition or matrix factorization is a factorization of a matrix into a product of matrices. There are many different matrix decompositions;...

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Triangular matrix

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In mathematics, a triangular matrix is a special kind of square matrix. A square matrix is called lower triangular if all the entries above the main diagonal...

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Diagonalizable matrix

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linear algebra, a square matrix A {\displaystyle A}  is called diagonalizable or non-defective if it is similar to a diagonal matrix. That is, if there exists...

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Compact operator on Hilbert space

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compact operator on Hilbert space is an extension of the concept of a matrix acting on a finite-dimensional vector space; in Hilbert space, compact operators...

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List of named matrices

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matrices used in mathematics, science and engineering. A matrix (plural matrices, or less commonly matrixes) is a rectangular array of numbers called entries...

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Conjugate transpose

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transformation from Hilbert space C n {\displaystyle \mathbb {C} ^{n}} to C m , {\displaystyle \mathbb {C} ^{m},} then the matrix A H {\displaystyle \mathbf...

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Reproducing kernel Hilbert space

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analysis (a branch of mathematics), a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) is a Hilbert space of functions in which point evaluation is a continuous...

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Density matrix renormalization group

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state that has been found is projected into the Hilbert subspace for each block using a density matrix, hence the name. Thus, the relevant states for each...

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Normal matrix

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In mathematics, a complex square matrix A is normal if it commutes with its conjugate transpose A*: A  normal ⟺ A ∗ A = A A ∗ . {\displaystyle A{\text{...

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Definite matrix

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In mathematics, a symmetric matrix M {\displaystyle M} with real entries is positive-definite if the real number z T M z {\displaystyle z^{\operatorname...

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