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Heavy NP shift information


Heavy NP shift is an operation that involves re-ordering (shifting) a "heavy" noun phrase (NP) to a position to the right of its canonical position under certain circumstances. The heaviness of the NP is determined by its grammatical complexity; whether or not shifting occurs can impact the grammaticality of the sentence.

Ross (1967) is thought to have been the first to systematically investigate the properties of heavy NP shift. Although the term heavy NP shift derives from the theoretical framework of transformational grammar, which describes the process in terms of movement of the NP, linguists working in other frameworks also use this term. And in approaches to syntax where NP is analyzed as a determiner phrase (DP), heavy NP shift is called heavy DP shift.

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Heavy NP shift

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Heavy NP shift is an operation that involves re-ordering (shifting) a "heavy" noun phrase (NP) to a position to the right of its canonical position under...

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Linguistic performance

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4b., where heavy-NP shift has shifted the NP to the right, as soon as "to" is uttered the listener knows that the VP must contain the NP and a PP. In...

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List of syntactic phenomena

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Exceptional case-marking Existential clauses Expletives Extraposition Gapping Heavy NP shift Inverse copula sentences Movement paradoxes Negative inversion Non-configurational...

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Transformational grammar

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structure grammar Generative semantics Head-driven phrase structure grammar Heavy NP shift Jerzy Kuryłowicz Lexical functional grammar Minimalist program Parasitic...

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Heavy water

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spectrum, are shifted into the infrared and thus heavy water does not absorb red light. No physical properties are listed for "pure" semi-heavy water because...

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Deuterium

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Deuterium (hydrogen-2, symbol 2H or D, also known as heavy hydrogen) is one of two stable isotopes of hydrogen (the other is protium, or hydrogen-1)....

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Flatcar

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containing four or six wheels. Occasionally, flat cars designed to carry extra heavy or extra large loads are mounted on a pair (or rarely, more) of bogies under...

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Acadia National Park

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Harbor's Zip Code is 04609 "U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Acadia NP, ME (1991–2020)". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved...

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Badlands National Park

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Jackson (the three main counties that the park occupies) have seen a gradual shift of monthly and annual temperatures between 1901 and 2021, leading to a warmer...

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Rocky Mountain National Park

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November 1, 2016. "Beaver Meadows Visitor Center Review | Rocky Mountain NP | Fodor's Travel Guides". Fodors.com. Retrieved June 4, 2013. Perry 2008,...

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Random sample consensus

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y: np.ndarray): r, _ = X.shape X = np.hstack([np.ones((r, 1)), X]) self.params = np.linalg.inv(X.T @ X) @ X.T @ y return self def predict(self, X: np.ndarray):...

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Chevrolet K5 Blazer

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offered: the Dana 20, available only with the manual transmissions, or the NP-205, available with both types of transmissions. The Blazer had 8 inches (200 mm)...

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Mitsubishi Pajero

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being the Triton, Pajero Sport and the Pajero iO) that share Mitsubishi's heavy-duty, off-road-oriented Super-Select four-wheel-drive system as opposed...

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Yosemite National Park

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from the original on December 19, 2015. Retrieved March 15, 2008. "Yosemite NP: Early History of Yosemite Valley". www.nps.gov. Archived from the original...

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Himalayan black bear

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conserve this species. "Hinalayan black bear report" (PDF). ancardchula.gov.np. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-07-06. Retrieved 2023-02-10. "Bears...

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Zion National Park

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the shuttle bus system to transit operator RATP Dev. On April 12, 1995, heavy rains triggered a landslide that blocked the Virgin River in Zion Canyon...

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Crater Lake National Park

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island. The trail is popular in the late afternoon on account of unique shifting colors over the lake and its surroundings. Environment portal Oregon portal...

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Kernel density estimation

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corrected kernel density estimation for bounded support), npudens in the np library (numeric and categorical data), sm.density in the sm library. For...

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Isotopes of magnesium

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of Exotic Magnesium Suggest Surprising Shape-Shift". Berkeley Lab News Center. Retrieved 2023-09-10. "NP A Change in Structure for a S... | U.S. DOE Office...

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European Conservatives and Reformists

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members arguing that the group has shifted considerably further to the right over time.[citation needed] The shift to the right was increased following...

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Periodic table

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the common oxidation states of the heavier p-block elements (where the ns electrons become lower in energy than the np) tend to vary by steps of 2, because...

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Chernobyl disaster

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decommissioned anywhere).[citation needed] A contract was signed in 1999 with Areva NP (now Framatome) for construction of ISF-2. In 2003, after a significant part...

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World War I

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The Price of Glory (1993 ed.). Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-017041-2. Howard, N.P. (1993). "The Social and Political Consequences of the Allied Food Blockade...

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