Hardware security is a discipline originated from the cryptographic engineering and involves hardware design, access control, secure multi-party computation, secure key storage, ensuring code authenticity, measures to ensure that the supply chain that built the product is secure among other things.[1][2][3][4]
A hardware security module (HSM) is a physical computing device that safeguards and manages digital keys for strong authentication and provides cryptoprocessing. These modules traditionally come in the form of a plug-in card or an external device that attaches directly to a computer or network server.
Some providers in this discipline consider that the key difference between hardware security and software security is that hardware security is implemented using "non-Turing-machine" logic (raw combinatorial logic or simple state machines). One approach, referred to as "hardsec", uses FPGAs to implement non-Turing-machine security controls as a way of combining the security of hardware with the flexibility of software.[5]
Hardware backdoors are backdoors in hardware. Conceptionally related, a hardware Trojan (HT) is a malicious modification of electronic system, particularly in the context of integrated circuit.[1][3]
A physical unclonable function (PUF)[6][7] is a physical entity that is embodied in a physical structure and is easy to evaluate but hard to predict. Further, an individual PUF device must be easy to make but practically impossible to duplicate, even given the exact manufacturing process that produced it. In this respect it is the hardware analog of a one-way function. The name "physical unclonable function" might be a little misleading as some PUFs are clonable, and most PUFs are noisy and therefore do not achieve the requirements for a function. Today, PUFs are usually implemented in integrated circuits and are typically used in applications with high security requirements.
Many attacks on sensitive data and resources reported by organizations occur from within the organization itself.[8]
^ abMukhopadhyay, Debdeep; Chakraborty, Rajat Subhra (2014). Hardware Security: Design, Threats, and Safeguards. CRC Press. ISBN 9781439895849. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
^"Hardware security in the IoT - Embedded Computing Design". embedded-computing.com. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
^ abRostami, M.; Koushanfar, F.; Karri, R. (August 2014). "A Primer on Hardware Security: Models, Methods, and Metrics". Proceedings of the IEEE. 102 (8): 1283–1295. doi:10.1109/jproc.2014.2335155. ISSN 0018-9219. S2CID 16430074.
^Rajendran, J.; Sinanoglu, O.; Karri, R. (August 2014). "Regaining Trust in VLSI Design: Design-for-Trust Techniques". Proceedings of the IEEE. 102 (8): 1266–1282. doi:10.1109/jproc.2014.2332154. ISSN 0018-9219.
^Cook, James (2019-06-22). "British start-ups race ahead of US rivals to develop new ultra-secure computer chips to defeat hackers". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 2019-08-27.
^Sadeghi, Ahmad-Reza; Naccache, David (2010). Towards Hardware-Intrinsic Security: Foundations and Practice. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9783642144523. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
^"Hardware Security - Fraunhofer AISEC". Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte und Integrierte Sicherheit (in German). Retrieved 3 June 2017.
^"Hardware Security". web.mit.edu. Archived from the original on 22 May 2017. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
Hardwaresecurity is a discipline originated from the cryptographic engineering and involves hardware design, access control, secure multi-party computation...
A hardwaresecurity module (HSM) is a physical computing device that safeguards and manages secrets (most importantly digital keys), performs encryption...
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In digital computing, hardwaresecurity bugs are hardware bugs or flaws that create vulnerabilities affecting computer central processing units (CPUs)...
Heyszl, Johann (2021-07-09). "Security and Trust in Open Source Security Tokens". IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems: 176–201...
be directly implemented as hardware Trojans in the integrated circuit. Hardware backdoors are intended to undermine security in smartcards and other cryptoprocessors...
cryptography. In many instances, they provide a layer of validation and security to messages sent through a non-secure channel: Properly implemented, a...
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Industrial Hardware; Security Products; Metal Products. As of November, 2013 the company owns four main subsidiaries namely Eberhard Hardware Manufacturing...
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for access to cryptographic hardware like TLS/SSL accelerators, hardwaresecurity modules and smart cards. Since most hardware vendors such as SafeNet, AEP...
activate the data leak. In high security governmental IT departments, hardware Trojans are a well known problem when buying hardware such as: a KVM switch, keyboards...
operation, accurate at cycle-level or interface-level. Hardware emulation – Use of special purpose hardware to emulate the logic of a proposed design. Can sometimes...
The reason is that details of the parallel hardware leak into the abstractions used to program the hardware. This causes the programmer to have to map...
OnlyKey is a multi-function hardwaresecurity key combining features of a password manager, two-factor authentication (2FA) token, file encryption token...
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be protected at each corner. The use of specialized tools, such as hardwaresecurity modules (HSMs) and automated key management, is an essential part...
need to protect the rest of the subsystem with physical security measures. A hardwaresecurity module (HSM) contains one or more secure cryptoprocessor...
Mohamed M. Atalla invented the first PIN-based hardwaresecurity module (HSM), dubbed the "Atalla Box," a security system that encrypted PIN and ATM messages...
edition for 2019. SQL TDE is supported by hardwaresecurity modules from Thales e-Security, Townsend Security and SafeNet, Inc. IBM offers TDE as part...
customer. Mohamed Atalla invented the first hardwaresecurity module (HSM), dubbed the "Atalla Box", a security system which encrypted PIN and ATM messages...
as part of a complete device often including electrical or electronic hardware and mechanical parts. Because an embedded system typically controls physical...
sense to a software driver, an abstraction layer that hides detail about hardware devices or other software from an application. The Android operating system...
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