Despite a large body of positive psychological research into the relationship between happiness and productivity,[1][2][3]happiness at work has traditionally been seen as a potential by-product of positive outcomes at work, rather than a pathway to business success. Happiness in the workplace is usually dependent on the work environment. During the past two decades, maintaining a level of happiness at work has become more significant and relevant due to the intensification of work caused by economic uncertainty and increase in competition.[4] Nowadays, happiness is viewed by a growing number of scholars and senior executives as one of the major sources of positive outcomes in the workplace.[5][6] In fact, companies with higher than average employee happiness exhibit better financial performance and customer satisfaction.[7] It is thus beneficial for companies to create and maintain positive work environments and leadership that will contribute to the happiness of their employees.[8]
Happiness is not fundamentally rooted in obtaining sensual pleasures and money, but those factors can influence the well-being of an individual at the workplace.[9] However, extensive research has revealed that freedom and autonomy at a workplace have the most effect on the employee's level of happiness,[9] and other important factors are gaining knowledge and the ability to influence the self's working hours.
^Carr, A.: "Positive Psychology: The Science of Happiness and Human Strengths" Hove, Brunner-Routledge 2004
^Isen, A.; Positive Affect and Decision-making. In M. Lewis and J. Haviland Jones (eds), "Handbook of Emotions" (2nd edition), pp. 417–436. New York, Guilford Press 2000
^Buss, D. (2000). "The Evolution of Happiness". American Psychologist. 55 (1): 15–23. doi:10.1037/0003-066x.55.1.15. PMID 11392858.
^Hughes, Joanna; Bozionelos, Nikos (2007). "Work-Life Balance as Source of Job Dissatisfaction and Withdrawal Attitudes- An Exploratory Study on the Views of Male Workers" (PDF). Personnel Review. 36 (1): 145–154. doi:10.1108/00483480710716768. Retrieved 21 September 2015.
^Boehm, J K. & S. Lyubomirsky, 2008 Journal of Career Assessment 16(1), 101–116
^Lyubomirsky, Sonja; King, Laura; Diener, Ed (2005). "The Benefits of Frequent Positive Affect: Does Happiness Lead to Success?" (PDF). Psychological Bulletin. 131 (6): 803–855. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.379.563. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.6.803. PMID 16351326. S2CID 684129.
^Warr, Peter, (2009). The Joy of Work? Jobs, Happiness and You. 1st ed: Routledge
^Morrow, I. J. (2011). "Review of 'The Joy of Work? Jobs, Happiness, and You'". Personnel Psychology. 64 (3): 808–811. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2011.01226_3.x.
^ abGavin, Joanne H. (1 December 2004). "The Virtuous Organization:: The Value of Happiness in the Workplace". Organizational Dynamics. Healthy, Happy, Productive Work: A Leadership Challenge. 33 (4): 379–392. doi:10.1016/j.orgdyn.2004.09.005.
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