Entire period of Habsburg rule in the Low Countries (1482-1797)
This article is about the entire period of Habsburg rule in the Low Countries. For the rule of the Spanish branch, see Spanish Netherlands. For that of the Austrian branch, see Austrian Netherlands.
Habsburg Netherlands
Habsburgse Nederlanden(Dutch) Pays-Bas des Habsbourg(French)
1482–1797
Cross of Burgundy
Coat of arms (Philip IV)
The Low Countries in 1560.
Habsburg Netherlands
Prince-Bishopric of Liège
Principality of Stavelot-Malmedy
Prince-Bishopric of Cambrésis
Status
Personal union of Imperial fiefs within Empire
Capital
De facto: Mechelen till 1530, afterwards Brussels
Common languages
Dutch
Low Saxon
West Frisian
Walloon
Luxembourgish
French
Religion
Roman Catholic (state religion)
Protestant
Government
Monarchy
Historical era
Early modern period
• Inherited by House of Habsburg
1482
• Incorporated into Burgundian Circle
1512
• Pragmatic Sanction
1549
• Inherited by Habsburg Spain
1556
• Peace of Münster
30 January 1648
• Treaty of Rastatt
7 March 1714
• Battle of Sprimont
18 September 1794
• Treaty of Campo Formio
17 October 1797
ISO 3166 code
NL
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Burgundian Netherlands
Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht
Spanish Netherlands
Dutch Republic
French First Republic
Habsburg Netherlands[1] was the Renaissance period fiefs in the Low Countries held by the Holy Roman Empire's House of Habsburg. The rule began in 1482, when the last Valois-Burgundy ruler of the Netherlands, Mary, wife of Maximilian I of Austria, died.[2] Their grandson, Emperor Charles V, was born in the Habsburg Netherlands and made Brussels one of his capitals.[3][4]
Becoming known as the Seventeen Provinces in 1549, they were held by the Spanish branch of the Habsburgs from 1556, known as the Spanish Netherlands from that time on.[5] In 1581, in the midst of the Dutch Revolt, the Seven United Provinces seceded from the rest of this territory to form the Dutch Republic. The remaining Spanish Southern Netherlands became the Austrian Netherlands in 1714, after Austrian acquisition under the Treaty of Rastatt. De facto Habsburg rule ended with the annexation by the revolutionary French First Republic in 1795. Austria, however, did not relinquish its claim over the country until 1797 in the Treaty of Campo Formio.
^(Dutch: Habsburgse Nederlanden; French: Pays-Bas des Habsbourg), in Latin referred to as Belgica
^Sicking, L. H. J. (2004-01-01). Neptune and the Netherlands: State, Economy, and War at Sea in the Renaissance. BRILL. p. 13. ISBN 9004138501.
^"How Brussels became the capital of Europe 500 years ago". The Brussels Times. 2017-04-21. Retrieved 2020-03-01.
^Jenkins, Everett Jr. (2015-05-07). The Muslim Diaspora (Volume 2, 1500-1799): A Comprehensive Chronology of the Spread of Islam in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas. McFarland. p. 36. ISBN 978-1-4766-0889-1.
^Kamen, Henry (2014-03-26). Spain, 1469–1714: A Society of Conflict. Routledge. ISBN 9781317755005.
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