Internment and concentration camp for refugees and Jews in France during World War II
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64,000 total, of whom 5,500 Jews deported via Drancy, mostly to Auschwitz
Liberated by
Free French
Notable inmates
Hannah Arendt
Horst Rosenthal[1]
Charlotte Salomon[1]
José Solchaga
Notable books
Mickey au Camp de Gurs
Present-day view of the former main streetInternees in Gurs internment camp, some of them Jews, January 1941The Camp Gurs memorial, opened in 2007
Gurs internment camp (French: Camp de Gurs, pronounced[kɑ̃dəɡyʁs]) was an internment camp and prisoner of war camp constructed in 1939 in Gurs, a site in southwestern France, not far from Pau. The camp was originally set up by the French government after the fall of Catalonia at the end of the Spanish Civil War to control those who fled Spain out of fear of retaliation from Francisco Franco's regime. At the start of World War II, the French government interned 4,000 German Jews as "enemy aliens", along with French socialist political leaders and those who opposed the war with Germany.[2]
After the Vichy government signed an armistice with the Nazis in 1940, it became an internment camp for mainly German Jews, as well as people considered dangerous by the government. After France's liberation, Gurs housed German prisoners of war and French collaborators.
Before its final closure in 1946, the camp held former Spanish Republican fighters who participated in the Resistance against the German occupation, because their stated intention of opposing the fascist dictatorship imposed by Franco made them threatening in the eyes of the Allies.[3]
^ abChute, Hillary L. (2016). "Maus's Archival Images and the Postwar Comics Field". Disaster Drawn. Harvard University Press. p. 174. doi:10.4159/9780674495647-006. ISBN 978-0-674-49564-7 – via De Gruyter.
^"Gurs". www.ushmm.org. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
^ORT, World. "Music and the Holocaust". holocaustmusic.ort.org. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
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