Griqua People also known as Griekwa, Chariqua, Korana or Koranna can be found in South Africa and Namibia, they are related to the Khoisan People.The name Griqua (Griekwa in Afrikaans) is of Khoekhoe origin. The kind
Griqua representative Thys Mentoor (interview, March 6, 2009) explained
the significance of the ethnonym in his mother tongue Afrikaans:
"Grie beteken mense and "kwa beteken ook mense.[2] The Griquas are a unique ethnic group of Southern Africa. They are South Africa's first multiracial nation.[3][4]
Southern African ethnic group
The Griquas are a subgroup of mixed-race heterogeneous former Xiri languages [1]-speaking nations in South Africa with a unique origin in the early history of the Dutch Cape Colony.[5] The Griquas had ancestors from two groups: the Koks and the Barendse. The Koks were mostly Khoikhoi, and the Barendse were a mix of Khoikhoi and European people (Griqua | South African History Online).[6] These predominantly Khoi indigenous people were reclassified as "Coloured" in the 1950s by the apartheid government.[7] They undertook a migration away from the Cape colony, forming two "Griqua States" formerly known as Griqualand West and later Griqualand East. When the Boers and colonial masters came to what was then called Griqualand West, they stopped the Griquas from developing in the ways that they saw fit. Their land and native resources were taken away from them, and they were thrown into a sea of fast social change. This made them lose the freedom they had been looking for in the Orange Free State area. (Griqua | South African History Online)
In 1826 a group of emigrants from Griquatown under Adam Kok II was allowed to settle at the mission station of Philippolis in the Transgariep. This became the capital of a new Griqua Captaincy, which for several decades was an important factor in the politics of the Northern frontier and the cause of the British Government first becoming involved in the affairs of the area (Schoeman, K, 2002).[8]
Similar to the Trekboers[9][10] (another Afrikaans-speaking group of the time), they originally populated the frontiers of the nascent Cape Colony (founded in 1652). The men of their semi-nomadic society formed commando units of mounted gunmen. Like the Boers they migrated inland from the Cape and in the 19th century established several states in what is now South Africa and Namibia. Under the supervise of Adam Kok I, they held ceremonies celebrating the virginity of their young daughters. (Griqua people AFRICA/101 Last Tribes) The Griqua, who originated through the interracial marriages and relations between the KhoiKhoi people and the European Colonists, consider themselves as being South Africa’s first multiracial nation with people descended directly from Dutch settlers in the Cape, and local peoples.[11]
^ abRosenfelder, 2023
^The Making of Griqua, Inc: Indigenous Struggles for Land and Autonomy in South Africa (Book) January 2015 SchweitzerE._GriquaInc._Excerpt.pdf
^Afrika 101 Last Tribes, Griqua People. "Afrika 101 Last Tribes The Griquas could trace their forefathers to two clans, the Koks and Barendse, the first made up mainly of Khoikhoi and the second of mixed European descent". Afrika 101 Last Tribes. Retrieved 5 May 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^"Africa 101 Last Tribes". Africa 101 Last Tribes. Retrieved 5 May 2024.
^"Griqua | South African History Online". www.sahistory.org.za. Retrieved 30 May 2020. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons license.
^Griqua | South African History Online (sahistory.org.za)
^Waldman, Linda (2 December 2006). "Klaar Gesnap As Kleurling:1 The Attempted Making and Remaking of the Griqua People". African Studies. 65 (2): 175–200. doi:10.1080/00020180601035633. S2CID 144687031.
^Schoeman, Karel (9 May 2024). The Griqua Captaincy of Philippolis 1826-1861. Protea Book House. ISBN 9781919825397.
^Cite error: The named reference :3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^[1]Landau, Paul S. (2010). "Mixed People (The Samuelites, the Griqua, and other subjectivities, 1880–1928)". Popular Politics in the History of South Africa, 1400–1948. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 162–213. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511750984.006. ISBN 978-0-511-75098-4.
GriquaPeople also known as Griekwa, Chariqua, Korana or Koranna can be found in South Africa and Namibia, they are related to the Khoisan People.The...
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speakers may use "Korana" and "Griqua" interchangeably. Both names are also used more broadly, for example for the Griquapeople. There exist (or existed)...
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now forms part of the Northern Cape Province. It was inhabited by the Griquapeople – a semi-nomadic, Afrikaans-speaking nation of mixed-race origin, who...
Adam Kok III (16 October 1811 – 30 December 1875) was a leader of the Griquapeople in South Africa. The son of Adam Kok II, he was born in Griqualand West...
this mixed-race community formed the core of what was to become the Griquapeople. Under the leadership of a former slave named Adam Kok, these "coloureds"...
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Ndebele, British and Afrikaner settlers, as well as Arab and Asian people. Griqua, on the other hand, are descendants of Khoisan women and Afrikaner Trekboers...
as New Griqualand (Dutch: Nieuw Griqualand), was one of four short-lived Griqua states in Southern Africa from the early 1860s until the late 1870s and...
to refer to all people of mixed race, and this category included various ethnic groups such as Hottentots, Bushmen, Cape Malays, Griquas, Korannas, Creoles...
West. Griqualand West, one of the states created by the semi-nomadic Griquapeople, was brought under British rule, as a separate colony, on 27 October...
in Johannesburg. The asteroid was named after the Griquapeople in South Africa and Namibia. Griqua is an asteroid in a cometary orbit (ACO), with no...
September 1896) was a leader ("Kaptijn") of the Griquapeople. He was the last fully independent Griqua Kaptijn of Griqualand West, and after it became...
and acquire guns for use against the encroaching Europeans and the Griquapeople. Trekboers from Cape Colony arrived on the western borders of Basutoland...
leader ("kaptijn") of the Griquapeople. He founded the Waterboer dynasty of Griqualand West, and led to a split of the Griquapeople, as the factions of the...
Africa. The farm has a very strong connection to the Griquapeople as it is the site where Griqua prophet Andrew Abraham Stockenstrom le Fleur I (Die Kneg)...
resulting in a sizeable mixed-race population now known as the Griqua. The Griquapeople too would migrate to what was by that time the frontierlands of...
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founded the Griqua National Conference in 1904, which became the official mouthpiece of the Griquapeople[…][permanent dead link] "Griqua identity" (PDF)...
Matabele order. In 1831, after winning a battle against the Griquapeople, Mzilikazi occupied the Griqua lands near the Ghaapse mountains. He used scorched earth...
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founded Philippolis in 1823 as a mission station serving the local Griquapeople. At first, the area was referred to as Southern Transorangia. The town...
disagreed over this, and over his emphasis on missionary work among Griquapeople of the colony, while others like Moffatt wanted more focus on new areas...
(1778 in Kamiesberg – 1858 in Campbell) was a leader ("captain") of the Griquapeople in South Africa. Kok was the son of captain Cornelius Kok I. He settled...
Rehoboth. Basters are closely related to Afrikaners, Cape Coloureds, and Griquas of South Africa and Namibia, with whom they share a language and culture...
declared Crown Trust Land, occupied by the Tswana-speaking Batlhaping and Griquapeople. It was scheduled as the Schmidtsdrift Native Reserve in terms of the...
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Shoshong from 1862 to 1876, "believed that the BamaNgwato and other African peoples with whom he worked were threatened by Boer freebooters encroaching on...
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