Filipino bishop, co-founder of the Philippine Independent Church, and revolutionary
In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Aglipay Cruz and the second or maternal family name is Labayán.
The Most Reverend Monsignor
Gregorio Aglipay, Obispo Máximo I
D.D.
1st Supreme Bishop of the Philippine Independent Church
Gregorio Aglipay, circa before the 1910s.
Church
Philippine Independent Church
Installed
September 6, 1902
Term ended
September 1, 1940
Predecessor
Position created
Successor
Santiago Antonio Fonacier y Suguitan
Orders
Ordination
December 21, 1889 (as a Roman Catholic priest)
Consecration
January 18, 1903 (as the first Supreme Bishop of the Philippine Independent Church)
Rank
Priest (Roman Catholic Church)
Supreme Bishop (Philippine Independent Church)
Personal details
Born
Gregorio Aglipay Cruz y Labayán
(1860-05-05)May 5, 1860[1]
Batac, Ilocos Norte, Captaincy General of the Philippines, Spanish Empire
Died
September 1, 1940(1940-09-01) (aged 80) Manila, Philippine Commonwealth
Buried
Aglipay National Shrine, Batac, Ilocos Norte, Philippines
Nationality
Filipino
Denomination
Roman Catholic (excommunicated in 1899)
Independent Catholic / Protestant (early IFI/PIC)
Spouse
Pilar Jamias y Ver
(m. 1939)
Children
1
Occupation
Religious leader, guerrilla leader, social and political activist, politician
Profession
Catholic priest, Monsignor, Bishop of Aglipayan Church
Alma mater
Colegio de San Juan de Letran (AB) University of Santo Tomas (dropped out) Immaculate Conception School of Theology (Vigan Seminary)[2]
Motto
"Serve the people!"[3]
Sainthood
Feast day
September 5
Venerated in
The Episcopal Church (Saint on trial use only)
Philippine Independent Church (Non-canonized)
Title as Saint
Bishop, Witness, Servant of God, and Visionary
Shrines
Aglipay National Shrine, Batac, Ilocos Norte Gregorio Aglipay Shrine, Pinili, Ilocos Norte
Known for
The first head (Supreme Bishop) of the Philippine Independent Church (Iglesia Filipina Independiente)
Styles of Gregorio Aglipay
Reference style
His Eminence
Spoken style
Your Eminence
Religious style
Obispo Máximo I Monsignor Bishop
Posthumous style
The Most Reverend
The Honourable
Gregorio Aglipay
Member of the Malolos Congress from Ilocos Norte
In office September 15, 1898 – November 13, 1899
Serving with Pedro Paterno, Primitivo Donato, Martín García, José Luna, and Pio Romero
Personal details
Political party
Republican (1905–1935)
Other political affiliations
Independent (until 1905)
Military service
Allegiance
Philippines
Branch/service
Philippine Republican Army
Rank
Lieutenant General
Battles/wars
Philippine–American War
Gregorio Aglipay Cruz y Labayán (Latin: Gregorius Aglipay; Filipino: Gregorio Labayan Aglipay Cruz; May 5, 1860 – September 1, 1940) was a Filipino former Roman Catholic priest and revolutionary who became the first head of the Iglesia Filipina Independiente (IFI), the first-ever wholly Filipino-led independent Christian Church in the Philippines in the form of a nationalist church.
Known for inciting patriotic rebellion among the Filipino clergy during the Philippine Revolution and Philippine–American War, he was also a political activist who became acquainted with writer and labor leader Isabelo de los Reyes who would then start an independent Christian Filipino Church colloquially named after Aglipay in 1902 as a revolt against the Roman Catholic Church, which was the state religion of the Philippines at the time, due to the mistreatment of the Spanish friars towards the Filipinos. Contrary to popular belief, Aglipay did not join the IFI until one month from its proclamation by de los Reyes and the Unión Obrera Democrática.
Aglipay was previously excommunicated by Archbishop Bernardino Nozaleda y Villa of Manila in May 1899, upon the expressed permission of Pope Leo XIII, due to his involvement in revolutionary activities, despite his prior intercession and defense of some of the Spanish Roman Catholic clergy from liberal-nationalist Filipino revolutionaries. The Roman Catholic Church made attempts to bring Aglipay back to their fold, but failed. Aglipay joined Freemasonry in May 1918, a society excommunicated by the Roman Catholic Church. Aglipay married Pilar Jamias y Ver from Sarrat, Ilocos Norte in 1939 and then died one year later. Followers of Aglipay through the Church are sometimes colloquially referred to by their membership as Aglipayans.
^Achutegui, Pedro S.; Bernad, Miguel A. (1957). "The True Birth Date of Gregorio Aglipay". Philippine Studies. 5 (4). Ateneo de Manila University: 370–387. JSTOR 42719339. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
^"FULL TEXT: Bishop Antonio's homily during Mass for Vigan Seminary's 200th anniversary". CBCP News. August 8, 2022. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
^"Statements: LIVING OUT BISHOP GREGORIO AGLIPAY'S LEGACY, PROMOTING AND DEFENDING HUMAN DIGNITY". Google Sites. IFI. April 13, 2023.
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post in the church. He is the fourteenth in a line of succession from GregorioAglipay, the first Obispo Máximo. The supreme bishop's office is at the Obispado...
SEPTEMBER ONE OF EVERY YEAR, THE DEATH ANNIVERSARY OF GREGORIOAGLIPAY Y LABAYAN, AS GREGORIO L. AGLIPAY DAY AND A SPECIAL NON-WORKING HOLIDAY IN THE MUNICIPALITY...
of the Philippines Ferdinand Marcos, was given an anting-anting by GregorioAglipay that could supposedly make Marcos invisible. Marcos said that the agimat...
priest GregorioAglipay be the head of the church. It is also known as the "Aglipayan Church" after its first Obispo Maximo, GregorioAglipay. Commonly...
inauguration, launching, and celebration of the first Solemn High Mass of GregorioAglipay, the first Supreme Bishop, was held. After the historic event, Doña...
Congress Pedro Paterno Vice President/Deputy Benito Legarda Secretary Gregorio S. Araneta and Pablo Ocampo In 2006, it was asserted by the president of...
Nacionalista Party candidate Manuel L. Quezon and Republican Party candidate GregorioAglipay. However, Aguinaldo's capture by the Americans in 1901 as well as his...
beginning in 1935 against Manuel L. Quezon, Emilio Aguinaldo, and GregorioAglipay until 1986 (against Ferdinand Marcos and Corazon Aquino). He grew up...
(IFI) founded by Isabelo de los Reyes and GregorioAglipay in 1902. He served as personal secretary to Aglipay at one point. He also became a military chaplain...
Archbishop of Manila instrumental in the 1986 People Power Revolution GregorioAglipay, a co-founder and the first supreme bishop of the nationalist church...
Global Information
Philippines
Philippine Republican Army
Lieutenant General