"Green anarchy" redirects here. For the magazine, see Green Anarchist.
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Books and publications
Walden, or life in the woods (1854)
Fields, Factories, and Workshops (1899)
Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution (1902)
Post-Scarcity Anarchism (1971)
The Ecology of Freedom (1982)
Green Anarchist (1984)
Future Primitive and Other Essays (1994)
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Green anarchism, also known as ecological anarchism or eco-anarchism, is an anarchist school of thought that focuses on ecology and environmental issues.[1] It is an anti-capitalist and anti-authoritarian form of radical environmentalism, which emphasises social organization, freedom and self-fulfillment.[2]
Ecological approaches to anarchism were first formulated during the 19th century, as the rise of capitalism and colonialism caused environmental degradation. Drawing from the ecology of Charles Darwin, the anarchist Mikhail Bakunin elaborated a naturalist philosophy that rejected the dualistic separation of humanity from nature. This was developed into an ecological philosophy by Peter Kropotkin and Éliseé Reclus, who advocated for the decentralisation and degrowth of industry as a means to advance both social justice and environmental protection.
Green anarchism was first developed into a distinct political theory by sections of the New Left, as a revival in anarchism coincided with the emergence of an environmental movement. From the 1970s onwards, three main tendencies of green anarchism were established: Murray Bookchin elaborated the theory of social ecology, which argues that environmental issues stem directly from social issues; Arne Næss defined the theory of deep ecology, which advocates for biocentrism; and John Zerzan developed the theory of anarcho-primitivism, which calls for the abolition of technology and civilization. In the 21st century, these tendencies were joined by total liberation, which centres animal rights, and green syndicalism, which calls for the workers themselves to manage deindustrialisation.
At its core, green anarchism concerns itself with the identification and abolition of social hierarchies that cause environmental degradation. Opposed to the extractivism and productivism of industrial capitalism, it advocates for the degrowth and deindustrialisation of the economy. It also pushes for greater localisation and decentralisation, proposing forms of municipalism, bioregionalism or a "return to nature" as possible alternatives to the state.
Greenanarchism, also known as ecological anarchism or eco-anarchism, is an anarchist school of thought that focuses on ecology and environmental issues...
fictional and non-fictional books written about anarchism. This list includes books that advocate for anarchism as well as those that criticize or oppose it...
Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that is against all forms of authority and seeks to abolish the institutions it claims maintain unnecessary...
platformism, insurrectionary anarchism, the new social movements (anarcha-feminism, queer anarchism and greenanarchism) and the alter-globalization movements...
following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to anarchism: Anarchism – political philosophy which holds the state to be undesirable, unnecessary...
Heider categorized anarchism into left anarchism, right anarchism and greenanarchism. The term right anarchism, or right-wing anarchism, has been used to...
Social anarchism, also known as left-wing anarchism or socialist anarchism, is the branch of anarchism that sees liberty and social equality as interrelated...
movement that combines anarchism with a commitment to animal and earth liberation. Whilst more traditional approaches to anarchism have often focused primarily...
eco-socialism and greenanarchism, but to what extent these can be seen as forms of green politics is a matter of debate. As the left-wing green political philosophy...
Individualist anarchism is the branch of anarchism that emphasizes the individual and their will over external determinants such as groups, society, traditions...
Contemporary anarchism within the history of anarchism is the period of the anarchist movement continuing from the end of World War II and into the present...
The Green Anarchist, established in 1984 in the UK, was a magazine advocating greenanarchism. Founded after the 1984 Stop the City protests, the magazine...
secession that distinguish it from the more general greenanarchism; green syndicalism, a green anarchist political stance made up of anarcho-syndicalist...
stateless societies based on non-hierarchical voluntary associations. Anarchism is generally defined as the libertarian philosophy which holds the state...
"whitewash"), also called green sheen, is a form of advertising or marketing spin that deceptively uses green PR and green marketing to persuade the public...
(also known as the Scottish Green Party; Scottish Gaelic: Pàrtaidh Uaine na h-Alba [ˈpʰaːrˠʃtʲi ˈuəɲə nə ˈhal̪ˠapə]) are a green political party in Scotland...
include anarchism (especially anarchist schools of thought such as anarcho-communism, anarcho-syndicalism, collectivist anarchism, greenanarchism, individualist...
postmodernism, the environmental movement, peace movement, Green politics, greenanarchism and anti-globalization movement have used the term to describe...
Emma Goldman referring to him as "the greatest American anarchist". Greenanarchism and anarcho-primitivism in particular have both derived inspiration...
is broadly associated with the philosophies of anarcho-primitivism, greenanarchism, anti-civilisation, post-left anarchy, neo-luddism, and in particular...
The Green Party of England and Wales (GPEW; Welsh: Plaid Werdd Cymru a Lloegr; Cornish: Parti Gwer Pow Sows ha Kembra; often known simply as the Green Party...
organizations Family planning Free-market environmentalism GreenanarchismGreen movement Green seniors Green syndicalism Holistic management National Cleanup Day...
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