In linguistics, grammaticality is determined by the conformity to language usage as derived by the grammar of a particular speech variety. The notion of grammaticality rose alongside the theory of generative grammar, the goal of which is to formulate rules that define well-formed, grammatical sentences. These rules of grammaticality also provide explanations of ill-formed, ungrammatical sentences.[1][2]
In theoretical linguistics, a speaker's judgement on the well-formedness of a linguistic 'string'—called a grammaticality judgement—is based on whether the sentence is interpreted in accordance with the rules and constraints of the relevant grammar. If the rules and constraints of the particular lect are followed, then the sentence is judged to be grammatical.[3] In contrast, an ungrammatical sentence is one that violates the rules of the given language variety.
Linguists use grammaticality judgements to investigate the syntactic structure of sentences. Generative linguists are largely of the opinion that for native speakers of natural languages, grammaticality is a matter of linguistic intuition, and reflects the innate linguistic competence of speakers. Therefore, generative linguists attempt to predict grammaticality judgements exhaustively.
Grammaticality judgements are largely based on an individual's linguistic intuition, and it has been pointed out that humans have the ability to understand as well as produce an infinitely large number of new sentences that have never been seen before.[4] This allows us to accurately judge a sentence as grammatical or ungrammatical, even if it is a completely novel sentence.
^McArthur, Tom; Lam-McArthur, Jacqueline; Fontaine, Lise (2018). "The Oxford Companion to the English Language". Oxford Reference. doi:10.1093/acref/9780199661282.001.0001. ISBN 9780199661282.
^Millar, Jim (2011). A critical introduction to syntax. New York: Continuum International Group. p. 119. ISBN 978-0-8264-9703-1.
^Chomsky, Noam (1965). Aspects of the theory of syntax. Massachusetts: Cambridge: M.I.T. Press.
^Nagata, H (1988). "The relativity of linguistic intuition: The effect of repetition on grammaticality judgments". Journal of Psycholinguistic Research. 17 (1): 1–17. doi:10.1007/bf01067178. S2CID 143737753.
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