Not to be confused with Gongsun Long (disciple of Confucius).
In this Chinese name, the family name is Gongsun.
Gongsun Long
公孫龍
Portrait of Gongsun Long by an unknown artist – National Palace Museum, Taipei, Taiwan
Born
c. 320 BC
Died
250 BC
Notable work
Gongsun Longzi (公孫龍子)
Era
Ancient Chinese philosophy
School
School of Names
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese
公孫龍
Simplified Chinese
公孙龙
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Gōngsūn Lóng
Wade–Giles
Kung1-sun1 Lung2
Alternative Chinese name
Chinese
子秉
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Zibǐng
Wade–Giles
Tzŭ3-ping3
Gongsun Long (c. 320 – 250 BC[1][2]), courtesy name Zibing, was a Chinese philosopher, writer, and member of the School of Names, also known as the Logicians, of ancient Chinese philosophy. Gongsun ran a school and received patronage from rulers, advocating peaceful means of resolving disputes amid the martial culture of the Warring States period. His collected works comprise the Gongsun Longzi (公孫龍子) anthology. Comparatively few details are known about his life, and much of his work has been lost—only six of the fourteen essays he originally authored are still extant.[3]
In book 17 of the Zhuangzi, Gongsun speaks of himself:
When young, I studied the way of the former kings. When I grew up, I understood the practice of kindness and duty. I united the same and different, separated hard from white, made so the not-so and admissible the inadmissible. I confounded the wits of the hundred schools and exhausted the eloquence of countless speakers. I took myself to have reached the ultimate.
He is best known for a series of paradoxes in the tradition of Hui Shi, including "white horses are not horses", "when no thing is not the pointed-out, to point out is not to point out", and "there is no 1 in 2". These paradoxes seem to suggest a similarity to the discovery in Greek philosophy that pure logic may lead to apparently absurd conclusions.
^Zhou, Yunzhi, "Gongsun Long". Encyclopedia of China (Philosophy Edition), 1st ed.
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