Sun Tzu information

Sun Tzu
Sun Tzu
	Qing-era representation of Sun Tzu
Native name	孫子
Born	Sun Wu; 544 BC (traditional); Qi or Wu
Died	496 BC (traditional; aged 47–48); Gusu, Wu State
Pen name	Sun Tzu
Occupation	Military general, strategist, philosopher, writer
Language	Chinese
Period	Spring and Autumn
Subject	Military strategy
Notable works	The Art of War
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	孫子
Simplified Chinese	孙子
Wade–Giles	Sun1 Tzu3
Hanyu Pinyin	Sūnzǐ
Literal meaning	"Master Sun"
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Sūnzǐ
Bopomofo	ㄙㄨㄣㄗˇ
Gwoyeu Romatzyh	Suentzyy
Wade–Giles	Sun1 Tzu3
Tongyong Pinyin	Sun-zǐh
Yale Romanization	Swūndž
MPS2	Suēntž
IPA	[swə́n.tsɹ̩̀]
Wu
Suzhounese	Sen-tsỳ
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization	Syūnjí
Jyutping	syun1 zi2
IPA	[syːn˥ tsiː˧˥]
Southern Min
Hokkien POJ	Sun-chú
Tâi-lô	Sun-tsú
Middle Chinese
Middle Chinese	suən t͡sɨX
Old Chinese
Baxter–Sagart (2014)	*[s]ˤu[n] tsəʔ
Sun Wu
Traditional Chinese	孫武
Simplified Chinese	孙武
Wade–Giles	Sun1 Wu3
Hanyu Pinyin	Sūn Wǔ
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Sūn Wǔ
Bopomofo	ㄙㄨㄣㄨˇ
Gwoyeu Romatzyh	Suen Wuu
Wade–Giles	Sun1 Wu3
Tongyong Pinyin	Sun Wǔ
Yale Romanization	Swūn Wǔ
MPS2	Suēn Wǔ
IPA	[swə́n ù]
Middle Chinese
Middle Chinese	suən mɨoX
Old Chinese
Baxter–Sagart (2014)	*[s]ˤu[n] m(r)aʔ
Changqing
Traditional Chinese	長卿
Simplified Chinese	长卿
Wade–Giles	Ch'ang2-chʻing1
Hanyu Pinyin	Chángqīng
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Chángqīng
Bopomofo	ㄔㄤˊ ㄑㄧㄥ
Gwoyeu Romatzyh	Charngching
Wade–Giles	Ch'ang2-chʻing1
Tongyong Pinyin	Cháng-cing
Yale Romanization	Chángchīng
MPS2	Chángchīng
IPA	[ʈʂʰǎŋ.tɕʰíŋ]
Middle Chinese
Middle Chinese	ɖɨɐŋ kʰˠiæŋ
Old Chinese
Baxter–Sagart (2014)	*Cə-[N]-traŋ C.qʰraŋ
Vietnamese name
Vietnamese	Tôn Vũ; Tôn Tử;
Hán-Nôm	孫武; 孫子;
Korean name
Hangul	손무; 손자;
Hanja	孫武; 孫子;
Revised Romanization
Transcriptions
Revised Romanization	Sonmu; Sonja;
Japanese name
Kanji	孫武; 孫子;
Hiragana	そんぶ; そんし;
Katakana	ソンブ; ソンシ;
Revised Hepburn
Transcriptions
Revised Hepburn	Sonbu; Sonshi;
Kunrei-shiki	Sonbu; Sonsi;
Khmer name
Khmer	ស៊ុន អ៊ូUNGEGN: Sŭn U; ALA-LC: S′un ʿ′′ū; IPA: [sun ʔuː];

Sun Tzu (/suːn ˈdzuː, suːn ˈsuː/ soon DZOO, soon SOO;^[1]^[2] traditional Chinese: 孫子; simplified Chinese: 孙子; pinyin: Sūnzǐ) was a Chinese military general, strategist, philosopher, and writer who lived during the Eastern Zhou period (771–256 BC). Sun Tzu is traditionally credited as the author of The Art of War, an influential work of military strategy that has affected both Western and East Asian philosophy and military thought. Sun Tzu is revered in Chinese and East Asian culture as a legendary historical and military figure. His birth name was Sun Wu (traditional Chinese: 孫武; simplified Chinese: 孙武) and he was known outside of his family by his courtesy name Changqing (Chinese: 長卿).^{[citation needed]} The name Sun Tzu—by which he is more popularly known—is an honorific which means "Master Sun".

Sun Tzu mastered the military science of ancient China and created the military doctrine of asymmetrical warfare. According to it, an attack on the enemy should begin only after the enemy has no opportunity to either defend or counterattack. It was used in the wars in the era of the Warring States in ancient China (about 475–221 BC). It's not the direct interpretation of the modern asymmetric military strategy. The ancient warriors used to call it the Victorious Methods of Warfare – Sheng Er Zhan Zhi, but it has the same meaning as the modern asymmetrical military strategy. The ancient professional warriors used it in individual combats against the enemies in the wars. As a result, a variety of armed and unarmed combat combinations have been created for various combat situations as the individual battle plans. Those combat combinations had specific names, descriptions and classifications.

Sun Tzu's historicity is uncertain. The Han dynasty historian Sima Qian and other traditional Chinese historians placed him as a minister to King Helü of Wu and dated his lifetime to 544–496 BC. Modern scholars accepting his historicity place the extant text of The Art of War in the later Warring States period of 475 to 221 BC, based on its style of composition and its descriptions of warfare.^[3] Traditional accounts state that the general's descendant Sun Bin wrote a treatise on military tactics, also titled The Art of War. Since both Sun Wu and Sun Bin were referred to as "Sun Tzu" in classical Chinese texts, some historians believed them identical, prior to the rediscovery of Sun Bin's treatise in 1972.

Sun Tzu's work has been praised and employed throughout the arc of East Asian military history since its composition, and eventually earned global attention. During the twentieth century, The Art of War grew in popularity and saw practical use in the Western world as well. It remains influential in many contemporary competitive endeavors across the modern world beyond military strategy and warfare, including espionage,^[4] culture, governance, business, and sports.^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]

^ "Sun Tzu". Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia (2013).
^ "Sun Tzu". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). HarperCollins. Retrieved 25 October 2019.
^ Sawyer 2007, pp. 421–422.
^ McNeilly, Mark R. (2015). Sun Tzu and the Art of Modern Warfare (updated ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 301. ISBN 978-0-19-995785-9. Retrieved 14 December 2022. Sun Tzu is not talking about 'news' here but about espionage affairs, or matters or plans relating to espionage.
^ Scott, Wilson (7 March 2013), "Obama meets privately with Jewish leaders", The Washington Post, Washington, D.C., archived from the original on 24 July 2013, retrieved 22 May 2013
^ "Obama to challenge Israelis on peace", United Press International, 8 March 2013, retrieved 22 May 2013
^ Garner, Rochelle (16 October 2006), "Oracle's Ellison Uses 'Art of War' in Software Battle With SAP", Bloomberg, archived from the original on 20 October 2015, retrieved 18 May 2013
^ Hack, Damon (3 February 2005), "For Patriots' Coach, War Is Decided Before Game", The New York Times, retrieved 18 May 2013

[1] "Sun Tzu". Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia (2013).

[2] "Sun Tzu". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). HarperCollins. Retrieved 25 October 2019.

[3] Sawyer 2007, pp. 421–422.

[4] McNeilly, Mark R. (2015). Sun Tzu and the Art of Modern Warfare (updated ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 301. ISBN 978-0-19-995785-9. Retrieved 14 December 2022. Sun Tzu is not talking about 'news' here but about espionage affairs, or matters or plans relating to espionage.

[wp-5] Scott, Wilson (7 March 2013), "Obama meets privately with Jewish leaders", The Washington Post, Washington, D.C., archived from the original on 24 July 2013, retrieved 22 May 2013

[UPI-6] "Obama to challenge Israelis on peace", United Press International, 8 March 2013, retrieved 22 May 2013

[Business-7] Garner, Rochelle (16 October 2006), "Oracle's Ellison Uses 'Art of War' in Software Battle With SAP", Bloomberg, archived from the original on 20 October 2015, retrieved 18 May 2013

[Football-8] Hack, Damon (3 February 2005), "For Patriots' Coach, War Is Decided Before Game", The New York Times, retrieved 18 May 2013

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