Glycodelin information

PAEP
Available structures
PDB	Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	4R0B
Identifiers
Aliases	PAEP, GD, GdA, GdF, GdS, PAEG, PEP, PP14, progestagen associated endometrial protein, ZIF-1
External IDs	OMIM: 173310; HomoloGene: 99710; GeneCards: PAEP; OMA:PAEP - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 9 (human)
End	135,566,955 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	seminal vesicula; ; endometrium; ; right uterine tube; ; left uterine tube; ; skin of abdomen; ; appendix; ; myometrium; ; amniotic fluid; ; duodenum; ; canal of the cervix;
	n/a
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein binding; small molecule binding;
Cellular component	extracellular region;
Biological process	multicellular organism development; positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production; apoptotic process; negative regulation of sperm capacitation; regulation of binding of sperm to zona pellucida; transport;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	5047
	n/a
	ENSG00000122133
	n/a
	P09466
	n/a
	NM_001018049; NM_002571; NM_001018048
	n/a
	NP_001018058; NP_001018059; NP_002562
	n/a
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Glycodelin (GD) also known as human placental protein-14 (PP-14) progestogen-associated endometrial protein (PAEP) or pregnancy-associated endometrial alpha-2 globulin is a glycoprotein that inhibits cell immune function and plays an essential role in the pregnancy process. In humans is encoded by the PAEP gene.^[3]^[4]

Human endometrium synthesizes several proteins under the influence of progesterone. Of these proteins, glycodelin is of particular interest. It is synthesized by the endometrial glands in the luteal phase of menstrual cycle.^[5]

The temporal and spatial expression of GD in the female reproductive tract combined with its biological activities suggest that this glycoprotein probably plays an essential physiological role in the regulation of fertilization, implantation and maintenance of pregnancy.^[6]^[7]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000122133 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "PAEP - Glycodelin precursor - Homo sapiens (Human) - PAEP gene & protein". www.uniprot.org.
^ Wang, Ping; Libho, Zhu; Xinmei, Zhang (December 2013). "The role of Placental Protein 14 in the Pathogenesis of Endometrosis". Reproductive Sciences. 20 (12): 1465–1470. doi:10.1177/1933719113488452. ISSN 0077-8923. PMC 3817670. PMID 23670949.
^ SEPPÄLÄ, MARKKU; JULKUNEN, MERVI; KOSKIMIES, AARNE; LAATIKAINEN, TIMO; STENMAN, ULF–HÅKAN; HUHTALA, MARJA-LIISA (October 1988). "Proteins of the Human Endometrium". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 541 (1): 432–444. Bibcode:1988NYASA.541..432S. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb22280.x. ISSN 0077-8923. PMID 3195927. S2CID 222073546.
^ Dutta, Binita; Mukhopadhyay, Debaditya; Roy, Nita; Das, Goutam; Karande, Anjali A. (December 1998). "Cloning, Expression, Purification, and Immunocharacterization of Placental Protein-14". Protein Expression and Purification. 14 (3): 327–334. doi:10.1006/prep.1998.0961. ISSN 1046-5928. PMID 9882566.
^ Julkunen, M.; Seppala, M.; Janne, O. A. (1988-12-01). "Complete amino acid sequence of human placental protein 14: a progesterone-regulated uterine protein homologous to beta-lactoglobulins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 85 (23): 8845–8849. Bibcode:1988PNAS...85.8845J. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.23.8845. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 282603. PMID 3194393.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000122133 – Ensembl, May 2017

[2] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[uniprot-3] "PAEP - Glycodelin precursor - Homo sapiens (Human) - PAEP gene & protein". www.uniprot.org.

[4] Wang, Ping; Libho, Zhu; Xinmei, Zhang (December 2013). "The role of Placental Protein 14 in the Pathogenesis of Endometrosis". Reproductive Sciences. 20 (12): 1465–1470. doi:10.1177/1933719113488452. ISSN 0077-8923. PMC 3817670. PMID 23670949.

[5] SEPPÄLÄ, MARKKU; JULKUNEN, MERVI; KOSKIMIES, AARNE; LAATIKAINEN, TIMO; STENMAN, ULF–HÅKAN; HUHTALA, MARJA-LIISA (October 1988). "Proteins of the Human Endometrium". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 541 (1): 432–444. Bibcode:1988NYASA.541..432S. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb22280.x. ISSN 0077-8923. PMID 3195927. S2CID 222073546.

[6] Dutta, Binita; Mukhopadhyay, Debaditya; Roy, Nita; Das, Goutam; Karande, Anjali A. (December 1998). "Cloning, Expression, Purification, and Immunocharacterization of Placental Protein-14". Protein Expression and Purification. 14 (3): 327–334. doi:10.1006/prep.1998.0961. ISSN 1046-5928. PMID 9882566.

[7] Julkunen, M.; Seppala, M.; Janne, O. A. (1988-12-01). "Complete amino acid sequence of human placental protein 14: a progesterone-regulated uterine protein homologous to beta-lactoglobulins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 85 (23): 8845–8849. Bibcode:1988PNAS...85.8845J. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.23.8845. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 282603. PMID 3194393.

Glycodelin information

and 8 Related for: Glycodelin information

Glycodelin

Decidua

Uterine gland

SIGLEC6

Immune tolerance in pregnancy

Eutherian fetoembryonic defense system hypothesis

Pregnancy zone protein

FUT5