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Gilbert Ning Ling
Ling in 2001
Born
(1919-12-26)26 December 1919[1]
Nanjing, Republic of China
Died
10 November 2019(2019-11-10) (aged 99)
California, U.S.
Nationality
American
Alma mater
National Central University (B.S.) University of Chicago (Ph.D.)
National Central University University of Chicago Johns Hopkins University University of Illinois Pennsylvania Hospital Fonar Corp. Basic Research Dept
Thesis
The effects of metabolism, temperature and other factors on the membrane potential of single frog muscle fibers(1948)
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese
凌寧
Simplified Chinese
凌宁
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Líng Níng
Website
www.gilbertling.org
Gilbert Ning Ling (December 26, 1919 – November 10, 2019) was a Chinese-born American cell physiologist, biochemist and scientific investigator.
In 1944, Ling won the biology slot of the sixth Boxer Indemnity Scholarship, a nationwide competitive examination that allowed Chinese science and engineering students full scholarship to study in a United States university. In 1947 he co-developed the Gerard-Graham-Ling microelectrode, a device that allows scientists to more accurately measure the electrical potentials of living cells. In 1962[2] he proposed the Association induction hypothesis, which claims to be unifying, general theory of the living cell, and is an alternative and controversial hypothesis[3][4][5] to the membrane and steady-state membrane pump theories, and three years later added the Polarized-Oriented Multilayer (PM or POM) theory of cell water.
Ling carried out scientific experiments that attempted to disprove the accepted view of the cell as a membrane containing a number of pumps such as the sodium potassium pump and the calcium pump and channels that engage in active transport.[6][7]
He died in November 2019, one month short of turning 100.[8][9]
^Fahnestock, Jeanne (2005). "Cell And Membrane". In Randy Allen Harris (ed.). Rhetoric and incommensurability. West Lafayette, Ind.: Parlor Press. p. 393. ISBN 978-1932559514.
^Cite error: The named reference physicaltheory was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Ling, Gilbert (2007). "An Unanswered 2003 Letter Appealing on Behalf of all Mankind to Nobel Laureate Roderick McKinnon to Use His Newfound Fame and Visibility to Begin Restoring Honesty and Integrity to Basic Biomedical Science by Rebutting or Correcting Suspected Plagiarism in His Nobel-Prize-Winning Work" (PDF). Physiol. Chem. Phys. & Med. NMR. 39 (1): 89–106. PMID 18613642.
^Ling, Gilbert. "List of all known printed criticisms of the AI Hypothesis and their full rebuttal". gilbertling.org.
^Harold, Franklin M (2002). "Book Review of Life at the Cell and Below-Cell Level: The Hidden History of a Fundamental Revolution in Biology". Cell Biology International. 26 (11): 1007–1009. doi:10.1006/cbir.2002.0948.
^Ling, Gilbert (2008). "A Historically Significant Study that at Once Disproves the Membrane (Pump)Theory and Confirms that Nano-protoplasm Is the Ultimate Physical Basis of Life— Yet so Simple and Low-cost that it Could Easily Be Repeated in Many High School Biology Classrooms Worldwide" (PDF). 40 (1): 89–113. Retrieved 15 February 2014. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^Ling, Gilbert (1997). "Debunking the Alleged Resurrection of the Sodium Pump Hypothesis" (PDF). Physiological Chemistry and Physics and Medical NMR. 29 (1): 123–198. PMID 9654772. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 September 2013. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
Gilbert Ning Ling (December 26, 1919 – November 10, 2019) was a Chinese-born American cell physiologist, biochemist and scientific investigator. In 1944...
as new chemical gradients were discovered.[citation needed] In 1962, GilbertLing became the champion of the bulk phase theories and proposed his association-induction...
of cells was that of GilbertLing. The modern idea holds that these properties all belonged to the plasma membrane whereas Ling's view was that the protoplasm...
California, Berkeley. At Berkeley she majored in English. Ling met Black jazz musician Gilbert Perry when he was working for a state employment office,...
capacitance model as acting alone.[citation needed] Alternatively, GilbertLing's adsorption hypothesis, posits that the membrane potential and action...
Stinson, Gilbert Williams, and Michael Miller. The 6 victims were: Livingston Stocker, Henry Clayton, Randolph Holmes, Charles Stinson, Gilbert Williams...
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[citation needed] On 20 September 1809, the Bury and Norwich Post mentions T. Ling, aged 75, (an industrious vendor of saloop, buns, and sausage rolls). The...
confirmed. ^h American fighter of Chinese descent. Bryan Fury, Jin Kazama, Ling Xiaoyu, Paul Phoenix, King II, and Nina Williams are the only characters...
Lance Hill's brother-in-law Harold Ling returned from the war and joined him to form a partnership in 1946. Ling became the key figure in expanding the...
Waltz) Dolores Del Monte Marilyn Waltz Joanne Arnold Margie Harrison Neva Gilbert Arline Hunter Jackie Rainbow Madeline Castle Diane Hunter Terry Ryan 1955...
Gan Ning kills Ling Tong's father, Ling Cao, at the Battle of Xiakou in 203. Since then, even after Gan Ning comes to serve Sun Quan, Ling Tong still holds...
aliens refer to the inhabitants of Earth as Earthling (from the diminutive -ling, ultimately from Old English -ing meaning "descendant"), as well as Terran...
negotiations with Zheng Yi Sao and Zhang Bao with the Viceroy of Liangguang Bai Ling (百齡) later in 1810, "Zhang Bao obeyed Zheng Yi Sao's orders, and consulted...
immigrants, Julie Chen was born in Queens, New York City. Chen's mother, Wang Ling Chen, grew up in Rangoon, Burma. Her father, David Chen, was born in China...
Chan Lin Chi-ling 2013 Fan Bingbing Jay Chou Andy Lau Jackie Chan Zhang Ziyi Eason Chan Yang Mi Huang Xiaoming Jolin Tsai Lin Chi-ling 2014 Fan Bingbing...
Archived from the original on February 21, 2022. Retrieved February 21, 2022. Ling, Justin (July 13, 2020). "QAnon's Madness Is Turning Canadians Into Potential...
Archived from the original on 30 December 2017. Retrieved 12 January 2021. Ling, Thomas (7 December 2017). "Black Mirror season 4 episode guide: Charlie...
and in traditional Chinese medicine. The scientific species name honors Gilbert Hovey Grosvenor, who, as president of the National Geographic Society,...
Barbara Ling and her team covered the building's LED signage and reattached the theater's iconic logo, rebuilding the letters and neon. Ling said the...
Jackie Doyle-Price Watford Dean Russell Matt Turmaine Ian Stotesbury Gary Ling Arran Bowen-la Grange Khalid Mahmood (Workers) Conservative Dean Russell...
were managed as part of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands colony. A referendum was held in 1974 to determine whether the Gilbert Islands and Ellice Islands...
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