A medieval Ghalghai outpost built on a rocky ledge in the Assa Gorge, drawn by Moritz von Engelhardt in 1815
Ghalghai (Ingush: pl. ГIалгIай, [ˈʁəlʁɑj], sg. ГIалгIа, [ˈʁəlʁɑ]) is the self-name (endonym) of the Ingush people.
There's no consensus among scholars on the etymology of the ethnonym as there exists different theories and speculations on its etymology. However, it is most often associated with the word "ghalā" (гIала), meaning "tower" or "fortress" and the plural form of the suffix of person, "gha" (гIа), thus, translated as "people/inhabitants of towers". It is also associated by some scholars with the ancient Gargareans and Gelae mentioned in the classical sources.
In Georgian sources, the ethnonym is mentioned in the form of Gligvi as an ethnonym during the reign of Mirian I, as well as the ruler of Kakheti Kvirike III. In Russian sources, "Ghalghai" first becomes known in the second half of the 16th century, in the form of "Kalkans/Kolkans", "Kalkan people".
Ghalghai (Ingush: pl. ГIалгIай, [ˈʁəlʁɑj], sg. ГIалгIа, [ˈʁəlʁɑ]) is the self-name (endonym) of the Ingush people. There's no consensus among scholars...
Ingush (Ingush: Гӏалгӏай, romanized: Ghalghai, pronounced [ˈʁəlʁɑj]), historically known as Durdzuks, Gligvi and Kists, are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic...
The Georgian Military Road or Georgian Military Highway also known as Ghalghaï Military Road, is the historic name for a major route through the Caucasus...
Ghalghai Koashke or Ghalghai Na'arghe (Ingush: ГӀалгӀай коашке, ГIалгIай наIарге) is the name of ancient Ingush outposts in the Assa valley of the Dzheyrakhsky...
mainly due to the fact that the Ingush commonly referred to themselves as "Ghalghaï", while the Chechens called themselves "Nakhchoy" or "Nokhchoy". The oldest...
Ingush (/ˈɪŋɡʊʃ/; Гӏалгӏай мотт, Ghalghai mott, pronounced [ˈʁəlʁɑj mot]) is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken by about 500,000 people, known as the...
Ingush towers (Ingush: гӀалгӀай гӀалаш/вӀовнаш, romanized: ghalghai ghālash/vhóvnash) are medieval Ingush stone structures used as residences, signal posts...
throughout the existence of Ingush people from Middle Ages to the modern day. Ghalghaï (Ingush: ГIалгIай, [ˈʁəlʁɑj]) is the self-name of the Ingush. Some scholars...
16th-19th centuries. The ethnonym corresponds to the self-name of the Ingush, Ghalghaï. Gligvi are mentioned in Georgian sources as an ethnonym that existed during...
Khamkhins (Ingush: Хамхой, romanized: Khamkhoy), also known as Ghalghaï, were a historical Ingush ethnoterritorial society, which was located in the upper...
16th-17th centuries. The ethnonym corresponds to the self-name of the Ingush - Ghalghaï. Kalkans are first mentioned in the second half of the 16th century in...
his memoirs of the Ghalghai expedition at the end of June 1832, when approaching Tsori, reported that the main forces of the Ghalghaï entrenched themselves...
Tsorins, Tsori (Ingush: Цхьорой), also Ghalghaï (Ingush: ГIалгIай), were a historical Ingush ethnoterritorial society that was located in mountainous Ingushetia...
Falkhan's inhabitants migrated to the villages of Dzheyrakh-Yurt, Sholkhi, Ghalghai Yurt [ru] and Fortress of Vladikavkaz, located in plain Ingushetia. By...
Kist (Fyappin) society began to be called the Metskhal society, and the Ghalghaï society was divided into two - Tsorin and Khamkhin. Small Ingush Dzherakh...
tower fortresses of Targim, Egikal and Khamkhi in the valley of Ghalghaï Koashke (“Ghalghaï outposts”) were founded by three brothers, the sons of the legendary...
Chechen-Kazikumukh war Timurid invasions of Simsim Mongol invasions of Durdzuketi Ghalghaï Koashke Какабадзе 1967, p. 471; Робакидзе 1968, p. 27; Крупнов 1971, p...
romanized: Ingushskiy okrug, Ingushevskiy okrug Ingush: Гӏалгӏай окре, romanized: Ghalghai okre. Due to them belonging to the same nation as the locals (Chechens)...
Karabulaks, Galashians, the Sunzha and Nadterechny Chechens, Nazrans and Ghalghaï. The Russian authorities felt compelled to organize a military expedition...
Pallas, also states that the Karabulaks specifically come from the Ingush (Ghalghaï). The German geographer and statistician Georg Hassel, in his geographical...
settled in lowlands between Assa and Fortanga rivers. The Orstkhoy and Ghalghai (Tsorin and Khamkhin) societies played the greatest role in the formation...
banks of the Assa River at the entrance to its gorge, on the slope of the Ghalghai-duq ridge, which separates the river valley of Assa from the river valley...
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