Italian Renaissance mathematician, physician, astrologer (1501–1576)
"Cardanus" redirects here. For the lunar crater, see Cardanus (crater).
Girolamo Cardano
17th-century portrait engraving of Cardano
Born
(1501-09-24)24 September 1501
Pavia, Duchy of Milan
Died
21 September 1576(1576-09-21) (aged 74)
Rome, Papal States
Nationality
Italian
Alma mater
University of Pavia
Known for
Cardano–Tartaglia formula First systematic use of negative numbers in Europe
Scientific career
Fields
Science, mathematics, philosophy, and literature
Notable students
Lodovico Ferrari
Gerolamo Cardano (Italian:[dʒeˈrɔːlamokarˈdaːno]; also Girolamo[1] or Geronimo;[2] French: Jérôme Cardan; Latin: Hieronymus Cardanus; 24 September 1501– 21 September 1576) was an Italian polymath whose interests and proficiencies ranged through those of mathematician, physician, biologist, physicist, chemist, astrologer, astronomer, philosopher, writer, and gambler.[3] He became one of the most influential mathematicians of the Renaissance and one of the key figures in the foundation of probability; he introduced the binomial coefficients and the binomial theorem in the Western world. He wrote more than 200 works on science.[4]
Cardano partially invented and described several mechanical devices including the combination lock, the gimbal consisting of three concentric rings allowing a supported compass or gyroscope to rotate freely, and the Cardan shaft with universal joints, which allows the transmission of rotary motion at various angles and is used in vehicles to this day. He made significant contributions to hypocycloids - published in De proportionibus, in 1570. The generating circles of these hypocycloids, later named "Cardano circles" or "cardanic circles", were used for the construction of the first high-speed printing presses.[5]
Today, Cardano is well known for his achievements in algebra. In his 1545 book Ars Magna he made the first systematic use of negative numbers in Europe, published (with attribution) the solutions of other mathematicians for cubic and quartic equations, and acknowledged the existence of imaginary numbers.
^Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Cardan, Girolamo" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
^Giglioni, Guido (23 April 2013). "Girolamo [Geronimo] Cardano". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
^Patty, Peter Fletcher, Hughes Hoyle, C. Wayne (1991). Foundations of Discrete Mathematics (International student ed.). Boston: PWS-KENT Pub. Co. p. 207. ISBN 0-534-92373-9. Cardano was a physician, astrologer, and mathematician.... [He] supported his wife and three children by gambling and casting horoscopes.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Westfall, Richard S. "Cardano, Girolamo". T he Galileo Project. rice.edu. Archived from the original on 28 July 2012. Retrieved 2012-07-19.
^
W.G. Waters, Jerome Cardan, a Biographical Study (Lawrence and Bullen, London 1898), from Internet Archive.
Cardano may refer to: GerolamoCardano (1501–1576), Italian mathematician and physician Fazio Cardano (1444–1524), Italian jurist and mathematician, father...
persuaded by GerolamoCardano (1501–1576) to reveal his secret for solving cubic equations. In 1539, Tartaglia did so only on the condition that Cardano would...
originating from a habit of speaking to himself. Fazio Cardano was the father of GerolamoCardano. Payne, Robert (1978), Leonardo, Doubleday, p. 95, Probably...
called by various eponymous names, as follows: Cardan joint, after GerolamoCardano, a polymath of the 16th century who contributed to knowledge of various...
Look up Gerolamo in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Gerolamo is a given name. Notable people with the name include: GerolamoCardano (1501–1576), Italian...
career as the servant of GerolamoCardano. He was extremely bright, so Cardano started teaching him mathematics. Ferrari aided Cardano on his solutions for...
which there was good evidence. The sixteenth-century Italian polymath GerolamoCardano demonstrated the efficacy of defining odds as the ratio of favourable...
after Italian mathematician and physicist GerolamoCardano (1501–1576) who described it in detail. However, Cardano did not invent the gimbal, nor did he...
up cardan in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Cardan may refer to: GerolamoCardano or Jerome Cardan (1501–1576), Renaissance mathematician, physician...
1572. The concept had appeared in print earlier, such as in work by GerolamoCardano. At the time, imaginary numbers and negative numbers were poorly understood...
contributing to the rationalization of the natural sciences. 16th century: GerolamoCardano solves the general cubic equation (by reducing them to the case with...
accounting); Niccolò Fontana Tartaglia (notable engineer and bookkeeper); GerolamoCardano (earliest founder of probability and binomial expansion); Robert Recorde...
Europe in books like his Liber Abaci. In 1545, the Italian polymath GerolamoCardano published his book Ars Magna, which covered many topics in algebra...
irreducibilis ("irreducible case"). This conundrum led Italian mathematician GerolamoCardano to conceive of complex numbers in around 1545 in his Ars Magna, though...
was re-opened, scholars and scientists such as Andrea Alciato and GerolamoCardano taught here. During the period in which the duchy of Milan was governed...
Niccolò Fontana Tartaglia, who shared it with GerolamoCardano, asking him to not publish it. Cardano then extended this to numerous other cases, using...
Joseph Louis Lagrange was active before leaving Italy. Fibonacci and GerolamoCardano made fundamental advances in maths. Luca Pacioli established accounting...
scientists like Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Galileo Galilei and GerolamoCardano have been considered as the most recognizable polymaths. During the...
Niccolò Fontana Tartaglia discovered solutions for cubic equations. GerolamoCardano published them in his 1545 book Ars Magna, together with a solution...
discovered by Italian mathematicians such as Niccolò Fontana Tartaglia and GerolamoCardano. It was soon realized that these formulas, even if one was only interested...
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