Anastas Mikoyan, Joseph Stalin and Grigol Ordzhonikidze in Tiflis (now Tbilisi), in 1925.
The Georgian affair of 1922 (Russian: Грузинское дело) was a political conflict within the Soviet leadership about the way in which social and political transformation was to be achieved in the Georgian SSR. The dispute over Georgia, which arose shortly after the forcible Sovietization of the country and peaked in the latter part of 1922, involved local Georgian Bolshevik leaders, led by Filipp Makharadze and Budu Mdivani, on one hand, and their de facto superiors from the Russian SFSR, particularly Joseph Stalin and Grigol Ordzhonikidze, on the other hand. The content of this dispute was complex, involving the Georgians' desire to preserve autonomy from Moscow and the differing interpretations of Bolshevik nationality policies, and especially those specific to Georgia. One of the main points at issue was Moscow's decision to amalgamate Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan into Transcaucasian SFSR, a move that was staunchly opposed by the Georgian leaders who urged for their republic a full-member status within the Soviet Union.
The affair was a critical episode in the power struggle surrounding the sick Vladimir Lenin, whose support Georgians sought to obtain. The dispute ended with the victory of the Stalin-Ordzhonikidze line and resulted in the fall of the Georgian moderate Communist government. According to Jeremy Smith, it also contributed to a final break between Lenin and Stalin, and inspired Lenin's last major writings.[1]
^Smith, Jeremy (1998). "The Georgian Affair of 1922. Policy Failure, Personality Clash or Power Struggle?". Europe-Asia Studies. 50 (3): 519–544. doi:10.1080/09668139808412550.
The Georgianaffair of 1922 (Russian: Грузинское дело) was a political conflict within the Soviet leadership about the way in which social and political...
against the Georgian "National Communists" in the 1922 GeorgianAffair. As a result of the events, Beria's power was reduced significantly in Georgia, but he...
Red Army invasion of Georgia (12 February – 17 March 1921), also known as the Georgian–Soviet War or the Soviet invasion of Georgia, was a military campaign...
Affairs of Georgia (Georgian: საქართველოს შინაგან საქმეთა სამინისტრო), abbreviated MIA (შსს), is the highest state law enforcement agency of Georgia,...
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia (Georgian: საქართველოს საგარეო საქმეთა სამინისტრო, romanized: sakartvelos sagareo sakmeta saminist'ro) is a...
The Leningrad affair, or Leningrad case (Russian: Ленинградское дело, Leningradskoye delo), was a series of criminal cases fabricated in the late 1940s–early...
of Foreign Affairs of Georgia (Georgian: საქართველოს საგარეო საქმეთა მინისტრი) is the head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia, the governmental...
the Caucasus, but later led Georgian Communist opposition to Joseph Stalin's centralizing policy during the GeorgianAffair of 1922. He was executed during...
movement Georgian Dream, launched by Bidzina Ivanishvili as a platform for his political activities in December 2011. Since Ivanishvili was not a Georgian citizen...
October] 1886 – 18 February 1937) was a Georgian Bolshevik and Soviet politician. Born and raised in Georgia, in the Russian Empire, Ordzhonikidze joined...
The report resulted in a commission by the Communist Party to study the affair. In October, the commission estimated that of the roughly 2,000 survivors...
Another disagreement came over the Georgianaffair, with Lenin backing the Georgian Central Committee's desire for a Georgian Soviet Republic over Stalin's...
Internal Affairs of Georgia (Georgian: შინაგან საქმეთა მინისტრი, romanized: shinagan sakmeta minist'ri) is the head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia...
(pdf format) Loren Graham, Chapter 6. "Stalinist Ideology and the Lysenko Affair", in Science in Russia and the Soviet Union (New York: Cambridge University...
Governorate of the Russian Empire (now in Georgia). His mother, Kato Svanidze, was from Racha and a descendant of minor Georgian nobility. His father, Ioseb Dzhugashvili...
mother was Georgian, and he grew up speaking Georgian at home. Magdalena came from a family of German settlers, and spoke German and Georgian at home. Olga's...
years of Soviet Georgia". rolfgross.dreamhosters.com. Retrieved 23 February 2023. Suny, Ronald Grigor (1994), The Making of the Georgian Nation (2nd ed...
Stalin Bloc – For the USSR, a league of communist parties. He resided in Georgia, his grandfather's homeland. He was found dead close to his home in Moscow...
Correspondent. BBC Radio 4. 22 January 2009. Ronald Grigor Suny, The Making of the Georgian Nation. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994; pp. 303–305. Vivian...
(Ekaterina Zguladze-Glucksmann; Georgian: ეკატერინე ზღულაძე, Ukrainian: Екатеріна Згуладзе-Глуксманн; born 18 June 1978) is a Georgian and Ukrainian government...
give her name as Ekaterina, which is the Russian version of her Georgian name Georgian names are often shortened. Montefiore misspells the name as "Monoselidze"...
Dzerzhinsky for their chauvinistic attitude toward the Georgian nation during the GeorgianAffair. Eventually made public as part of Lenin's Testament—which...
Vasily Iosifovich Stalin Dzhugashvili (Georgian: ვასილი იოსების ძე სტალინი ჯუღაშვილი, Russian: Василий Иосифович Сталин Джугашвили; 21 March 1921 – 19...
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