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Georgia in the American Civil War information


Georgia
Flag of Georgia
Variant flag (de facto)[FN 1]
State seal of Georgia
Seal (1863–1865)

The Confederate States of America
Map of the Confederate States
CapitalMilledgeville
Largest citySavannah
Admitted to the ConfederacyMarch 16, 1861 (2nd)
Population
  • 1,082,757 total
  •  • 620,527 (57.31%) free
  •  • 462,230 (42.69%) slave
Forces supplied
  • - Confederate soldiers: 120,000

    - Union soldiers: 5,000 (3,500 black; 2,500 white)[1] total
Major garrisons/armoriesFort Pulaski
GovernorJoseph E. Brown Surrendered
SenatorsBenjamin Harvey Hill
John Wood Lewis, Sr.
Herschel Vespasian Johnson
RepresentativesList
Restored to the UnionJuly 15, 1870
Facsimile of the 1861 Ordinance of Secession signed by 293 delegates to the Georgia Secession Convention at the statehouse in Milledgeville, Georgia January 21, 1861

Georgia was one of the original seven slave states that formed the Confederate States of America in February 1861, triggering the U.S. Civil War. The state governor, Democrat Joseph E. Brown, wanted locally raised troops to be used only for the defence of Georgia, in defiance of Confederate president Jefferson Davis, who wanted to deploy them on other battlefronts. When the Union blockade prevented Georgia from exporting its plentiful cotton in exchange for key imports, Brown ordered farmers to grow food instead, but the breakdown of transport systems led to desperate shortages.

There was not much fighting in Georgia until September 1863, when Confederates under Braxton Bragg defeated William S. Rosecrans at Chickamauga Creek. In May 1864, William T. Sherman started pursuing the Confederates towards Atlanta, which he captured in September, in advance of his March to the Sea. This six-week campaign destroyed much of the civilian infrastructure of Georgia, decisively shortening the war. When news of the march reached Robert E. Lee's army in Virginia, whole Georgian regiments deserted, feeling they were needed at home. The Battle of Columbus, fought on the Georgia-Alabama border on April 16, 1865, is reckoned by some criteria to have been the last battle of the war.


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  1. ^ Civil War in Georgia: Overview. New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2021.

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