American frontier information

American frontier
	The cowboy, the quintessential symbol of the American frontier. Photo by John C. H. Grabill, c. 1887.
Date	1607–1912 territorial expansion (first colony established at Jamestown in 1607 to the admission of Arizona Territory as a state in 1912); 1865–1917 (stereotyped Old West period as depicted in pop culture); 1865–1920 (tracked by the United States Census Bureau); 1860s–1910s (Old West period cited by various historians); 1865–1890 (opinion of Frederick J. Turner);
Location	Currently the United States, historically in order of their assimilation: Thirteen Colonies; New Sweden; New Netherlands; New France; New Spain; Missouri Territory; Vermont Republic; Louisiana territory; Rupert's Land; Dakota Territory; Nebraska Territory; Spanish Florida; Republic of Texas; Oregon Country; California Republic; Colorado Territory; Montana Territory; Wyoming Territory; Utah Territory; Oklahoma Territory; Indian Territory; New Mexico Territory; Arizona Territory; Alaska;

The American frontier, also known as the Old West, and popularly known as the Wild West, encompasses the geography, history, folklore, and culture associated with the forward wave of American expansion in mainland North America that began with European colonial settlements in the early 17th century and ended with the admission of the last few contiguous western territories as states in 1912. This era of massive migration and settlement was particularly encouraged by President Thomas Jefferson following the Louisiana Purchase, giving rise to the expansionist attitude known as "manifest destiny" and historians' "Frontier Thesis". The legends, historical events and folklore of the American frontier have embedded themselves into United States culture so much so that the Old West, and the Western genre of media specifically, has become one of the defining features of American national identity.

^ United States. Bureau of the Census, Statistical Atlases of the United States Series, retrieved April 23, 2024
^ "Population, Plate No. 3". United States Bureau of the Census. Statistical Atlas of the United States, 1920: 9. June 7, 1924.
^ Brian W. Dippie, "American Wests: historiographical perspectives." American Studies International 27.2 (1989): 3–25.
^ "The American West, 1865–1900 | Rise of Industrial America, 1876–1900 | U.S. History Primary Source Timeline | Classroom Materials at the Library of Congress". Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Retrieved January 7, 2023.
^ Milner, Clyde A.; O'Connor, Carol A.; Sandweiss, Martha A. (1994). The Oxford history of the American West. Internet Archive. New York : Oxford University Press. pp. 326, 412–413, 424, 472. ISBN 978-0195059687.
^ Porter, Robert; Gannett, Henry; Hunt, William (1895). "Progress of the Nation", in "Report on Population of the United States at the Eleventh Census: 1890, Part 1". Bureau of the Census. pp. xviii–xxxiv.
^ Turner, Frederick Jackson (1920). "The Significance of the Frontier in American History". The Frontier in American History. p. 293.
^ Nash, Gerald D. (1980). "The Census of 1890 and the Closing of the Frontier". The Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 71 (3): 98–100. JSTOR 40490574.
^ Lang, Robert E.; Popper, Deborah E.; Popper, Frank J. (1995). ""Progress of the Nation": The Settlement History of the Enduring American Frontier". Western Historical Quarterly. 26 (3): 289–307. doi:10.2307/970654. JSTOR 970654.

[1] United States. Bureau of the Census, Statistical Atlases of the United States Series, retrieved April 23, 2024

[2] "Population, Plate No. 3". United States Bureau of the Census. Statistical Atlas of the United States, 1920: 9. June 7, 1924.

[3] Brian W. Dippie, "American Wests: historiographical perspectives." American Studies International 27.2 (1989): 3–25.

[LOC_TAW-4] "The American West, 1865–1900 | Rise of Industrial America, 1876–1900 | U.S. History Primary Source Timeline | Classroom Materials at the Library of Congress". Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Retrieved January 7, 2023.

[5] Milner, Clyde A.; O'Connor, Carol A.; Sandweiss, Martha A. (1994). The Oxford history of the American West. Internet Archive. New York : Oxford University Press. pp. 326, 412–413, 424, 472. ISBN 978-0195059687.

[porter-6] Porter, Robert; Gannett, Henry; Hunt, William (1895). "Progress of the Nation", in "Report on Population of the United States at the Eleventh Census: 1890, Part 1". Bureau of the Census. pp. xviii–xxxiv.

[Turner,_Frederick_Jackson_1920_293-7] Turner, Frederick Jackson (1920). "The Significance of the Frontier in American History". The Frontier in American History. p. 293.

[8] Nash, Gerald D. (1980). "The Census of 1890 and the Closing of the Frontier". The Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 71 (3): 98–100. JSTOR 40490574.

[9] Lang, Robert E.; Popper, Deborah E.; Popper, Frank J. (1995). ""Progress of the Nation": The Settlement History of the Enduring American Frontier". Western Historical Quarterly. 26 (3): 289–307. doi:10.2307/970654. JSTOR 970654.

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