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New Zealand geology map to provide context
The Auckland Region of New Zealand is built on a basement of greywacke rocks that form many of the islands in the Hauraki Gulf, the Hunua Ranges, and land south of Port Waikato. The Waitākere Ranges in the west are the remains of a large andesitic volcano, and Great Barrier Island was formed by the northern end of the Coromandel Volcanic Zone. The Auckland isthmus and North Shore are composed of Waitemata sandstone and mudstone, and portions of the Northland Allochthon extend as far south as Albany.[1] Little Barrier Island was formed by a relatively isolated andesitic volcano, active around 1 to 3 million years ago.
The Manukau and South Kaipara Harbours are protected by the recent sand dune deposits of the Āwhitu and South Kaipara Peninsulas. Recent basaltic volcanic activity has produced many volcanic cones throughout the Auckland Region, including the iconic and youngest volcano Rangitoto Island.[2]
^Kenny, A; Lindsay, JM; Howe, TM (2012). "Post-Miocene faults in Auckland:insights from borehole and topographic analysis". New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 55 (4): 323–343. doi:10.1080/00288306.2012.706618. S2CID 128945408.
^Needham, A.J., Lindsay, J.M., Smith, I.E.M., Augustinus, P., Shane, P.A.L., 2011. Sequential eruption of alkaline and sub-alkaline magmas from a small monogenetic volcano in the Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 201, 126-142. doi=10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.07.017
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