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Geography and climate of Winnipeg information


Satellite image of Winnipeg
Winnipeg's skyline
The Forks during the 2005 flood

Winnipeg lies at the bottom of the Red River Valley, a low-lying flood plain with an extremely flat topography.[1] This valley was formed by the ancient glacial Lake Agassiz which has rich deposits of black soil. Winnipeg is on the eastern edge of the Canadian Prairies in Western Canada; it is known as the 'Gateway to the West'. It is relatively close to many large Canadian Shield lakes and parks, as well as Lake Winnipeg (the Earth's twelfth largest freshwater lake).[2] Winnipeg is bordered by tallgrass prairie to the west and south and the aspen parkland to the northeast.

Winnipeg is fairly isolated in that the closest city with equal or greater population is Minneapolis–Saint Paul, Minnesota (metro population of 3,317,308), which is 733 km (455 mi) southeast from the city.[citation needed] According to the Census geographic units of Canada, the city has a total area of 464.01 km2 (179.16 sq mi) and an elevation of 240 m (790 ft).[3]

The city has a humid continental climate with wide temperature contrasts between winter and summer, and greater precipitation in summer. Mean January temperature is −16.4 °C (2.5 °F), and mean July temperature is 19.7 °C (67.5 °F). Average annual precipitation is 521.1 mm (20.52 in); snow falls on 53 days and lies on 132 days in an average year.

Winnipeg has three major rivers: the Red River, the Assiniboine River, and the Seine River. The Red River is a Canadian heritage river.[4] Because of Winnipeg's extremely flat topography and substantial snowfall, Winnipeg is subject to severe flooding. The Red River reached its greatest flood height in 1826. The Red River Floodway protects the city from flooding.

  1. ^ "Geomorphology of the Red River". Natural Resources Canada. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 9 May 2012.
  2. ^ World Lake Database. "Lake Winnipeg". Archived from the original on 10 February 2007. Retrieved 5 January 2007.
  3. ^ "City of Winnipeg Community Profile: Overview". Government of Manitoba. Retrieved 16 July 2009.
  4. ^ "Projects and Progress". Rivers West. Archived from the original on 4 July 2009. Retrieved 16 July 2009.

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