I Corps 12th (Eastern) Division 15th (Scottish) Division 16th (Irish) Division
II Royal Bavarian Corps 3rd Bavarian Division 4th Bavarian Division
Casualties and losses
1,980 (1,260 gas casualties, 338 killed)
c. 1,500 gas casualties (data incomplete)
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Local operations, December 1915 – June 1916
Actions
Gas: Wieltje
The Bluff
Hohenzollern Redoubt
St Eloi
Gas: Hulluch
Gas: Wulverghem
Kink Salient
Vimy Ridge
Mt Sorrel
Associated articles
Ypres Salient
Hooge in World War I
Orders of battle for the German attack on Vimy Ridge
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Western Front
1914
Moresnet
Invasion of Belgium
Liège
Dinant
Namur
Frontiers
Lorraine
Ardennes
Charleroi
Mons
Trouée de Charmes
Great Retreat
Le Cateau
Étreux
1st St. Quentin
Maubeuge
Grand Couronné
1st Marne
1st Aisne
Antwerp
Race to the Sea
Yser
1st Ypres
Winter actions
1st Artois
1915
1st Champagne
Hartmannswillerkopf
Neuve Chapelle
2nd Ypres
2nd Artois
Hébuterne
2nd Champagne
Loos
3rd Artois
Gas: Wieltje
1916
The Bluff
Hohenzollern Redoubt
St Eloi
Hulluch
Wulverghem
Kink Salient
Vimy Ridge 1916
Mont Sorrel
Verdun
Boar's Head
1st Somme
Fromelles
1917
Ancre
Alberich
Nivelle offensive
Arras
Vimy
2nd Aisne
The Hills
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La Malmaison
Cambrai
1918
German spring offensive
Michael
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3rd Aisne
Belleau Wood
2nd Marne
Soissons
Amiens
Ailette
2nd Somme
Saint-Mihiel
St Quentin Canal
Meuse-Argonne
5th Ypres
2nd Cambrai
Courtrai
Sambre
Lys and Escaut
Associated articles
1914 Christmas truce
French Army mutinies
Western Front tactics, 1917
The Gas Attacks at Hulluch were two German cloud gas attacks on British troops during World War I, from 27 to 29 April 1916, near the village of Hulluch, 1 mi (1.6 km) north of Loos in northern France. The gas attacks were part of an engagement between divisions of the II Royal Bavarian Corps and divisions of the British I Corps.
Just before dawn on 27 April, the 16th (Irish) Division and part of the 15th (Scottish) Division were subjected to a cloud gas attack near Hulluch. The gas cloud and artillery bombardment were followed by raiding parties, which made temporary lodgements in the British lines. Two days later the Germans began another gas attack but the wind turned and blew the gas back over the German lines. A large number of German casualties were caused by the change in the wind direction and the decision to go ahead despite protests by local officers. German casualties were increased by the British, who fired on German soldiers as they fled in the open.
The gas used by the German troops at Hulluch was a mixture of chlorine and phosgene, which had first been used on 19 December 1915 at Wieltje, near Ypres. The German gas was of sufficient concentration to penetrate the British PH gas helmets and the 16th (Irish) Division was unjustly blamed for poor gas discipline. It was put out that the gas helmets of the division were of inferior manufacture, to allay doubts as to the effectiveness of the helmet. Production of the Small Box Respirator, which had worked well during the attack, was accelerated.
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