In arithmetic, the galley method, also known as the batello or the scratch method, was the most widely used method of division in use prior to 1600. The names galea and batello refer to a boat which the outline of the work was thought to resemble.
An earlier version of this method was used as early as 825 by Al-Khwarizmi. The galley method is thought to be of Arab origin and is most effective when used on a sand abacus. However, Lam Lay Yong's research pointed out that the galley method of division originated in the 1st century AD in ancient China.[1]
The galley method writes fewer figures than long division, and results in interesting shapes and pictures as it expands both above and below the initial lines. It was the preferred method of division for seventeen centuries, far longer than long division's four centuries. Examples of the galley method appear in the 1702 British-American cyphering book written by Thomas Prust (or Priest).[2]
^Lay-Yong, Lam (June 1966). "On the Chinese Origin of the Galley Method of Arithmetical Division". The British Journal for the History of Science. 3 (1): 66–69. doi:10.1017/s0007087400000200. S2CID 145407605. Retrieved 2012-12-29.
^Nerida F. Ellerton and M. A. (Ken) Clements, Abraham Lincoln's Cyphering Book and Ten other Extraordinary Cyphering Books" (2014). This book shows examples, and Chapter 3 states "Thomas became a shopkeeper and the training he received when he was preparing his beautiful, largely abbaco-inspired, cyphering book would have been beneficial to him during his time as a shopkeeper. He used the galley algorithm when performing division calculations, and was determined to master the rule of three." See Figure 3.7 on page 23.
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