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Galerius information


Galerius
Purple-red head statue
Porphyry bust of Galerius, found in 1993 at Gamzigrad and held at the National Museum [sr] in Zaječar, Serbia.[1]
Roman emperor
(in the East)
Augustus1 May 305 – early May 311
PredecessorDiocletian and Maximian
SuccessorMaximinus II and Licinius
(both in the East)
Co-rulers
See list
    • Constantius I (305–306)[a]
    • Severus II (306–307)[b]
    • Constantine I (306–311)[c]
    • Maxentius (306–311)[d]
    • Maximian (306–310)[e]
    • Licinius (308–311)[f]
    • Alexander (308–311)[g]
    • Maximinus II (310–311)[h]
Caesar1 March 293[i] – 1 May 305 (under Diocletian)[2]
BornGalerius Maximinus[3][4]
c. 258[5][6]
Felix Romuliana, Roman Dacia, Roman Empire[6]
Diedearly May 311[7] (aged c. 53)
Serdica, Dacia Ripensis, Roman Empire
Burial
Felix Romuliana[6]
SpouseGaleria Valeria[8]
Issue
  • Candidianus
  • Valeria Maximilla
Names
Gaius Galerius Valerius Maximianus[2]
Regnal name
Imperator Caesar Gaius Galerius Valerius Maximianus Augustus
FatherDiocletian (adoptive)
MotherRomula (alleged)[9]
ReligionRoman polytheism

Galerius Valerius Maximianus[j] (/ɡəˈlɛəriəs/; Greek: Γαλέριος; c. 258 – May 311) was Roman emperor from 305 to 311. During his reign he campaigned, aided by Diocletian, against the Sasanian Empire, sacking their capital Ctesiphon in 299. He also campaigned across the Danube against the Carpi, defeating them in 297 and 300. Although he was a staunch opponent of Christianity, Galerius ended the Diocletianic Persecution when he issued the Edict of Toleration in Serdica (Sofia) in 311.

  1. ^ Elsner, Jas (2018). The Art of the Roman Empire AD 100-450. Oxford University Press. p. 58. ISBN 9780198768630. A recently discovered porphyry head of a tetrarch from Romuliana in modern Serbia —the birth and burial place of Galerius (293–311) [...] It is likely that the statue portrays Galerius as Caesar after his victory over the Persians in AD 297/8.
  2. ^ a b Barnes 1982, p. 4.
  3. ^ Lactantius, de Mortibus Persecutorum, 18. "Now Galerius had lately bestowed part of his own name on that youth [Daia], and called him Maximin, in like manner as Diocletian formerly bestowed on Galerius the name of Maximian".
  4. ^ For an analysis of the official nomenclature of the Tetrarchs, see Salway, Benet (1994). "What's in a Name? A Survey of Roman Onomastic Practice from c. 700 B.C. to A.D. 700" (PDF). Journal of Roman Studies. 84: 137–140. doi:10.2307/300873. JSTOR 300873. S2CID 162435434.
  5. ^ Leadbetter, pp. 18–21.
  6. ^ a b c Barnes 1982, p. 37.
  7. ^ Lactantius, DMP 35.4. "This edict was promulgated at Nicomedia on the day preceding the kalends of May [30 April]... In a few days after he was consumed by the horrible disease that had brought on an universal putrefaction [...] This event was known at Nicomedia before the end of the month.".
  8. ^ Barnes 1982, p. 38.
  9. ^ Barnes 1982, p. 37–38.
  10. ^ Sandys, John (1927). Latin Epigraphy: An Introduction to the Study of Latin Inscriptions. Cambridge University Press. p. 232.
  11. ^ Maxwelll, Craven (2019). The Imperial Families of Ancient Rome. Fonthill Media. p. 414.


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Galerius, 293-311 AD, who issued in Serdica (present Sofia) the Edict of Toleration legitimizing Christianity in the Roman Empire in 311 AD. Galerius...

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307

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in Europe for naming years. Winter: Emperor Galerius wins his second victory over the Sarmatians. Galerius sends Valerius Severus with the army of northern...

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objected to Galerius's suggestion, saying in response, "What! That dancer, that habitual drunkard who turns night into day and day into night?" Galerius persisted...

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also called Edict of Toleration by Galerius, was issued in 311 in Serdica (now Sofia, Bulgaria) by Roman Emperor Galerius. It officially ended the Diocletianic...

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indecisive. In the third fought at Callinicum, Galerius suffered a complete defeat and was forced to retreat. Galerius crossed the Euphrates into Syria to join...

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success against the Emperor Galerius near Callinicum on the Euphrates in 296, he was eventually decisively defeated by them. Galerius had been reinforced, probably...

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308

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known in the Roman Empire as the Year of the Consulship of Diocletian and (Galerius) Maximianus (or, less frequently, year 1061 Ab urbe condita). The denomination...

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