1 May 305 – 25 July 306 (with Galerius in the East)
Predecessor
Maximian
Successor
Severus II Constantine I Maxentius
Caesar
1 March 293 – 1 May 305
Born
Flavius Constantius 31 March c. 250 Naissus, Moesia Superior
Died
25 July 306 (aged c. 56) Eboracum, Roman Britain
Spouse
Helena (disputed) and Theodora
Issue among others
Constantine the Great
Flavius Dalmatius
Julius Constantius
Flavia Julia Constantia
Names
Marcus Flavius Valerius Constantius[a]
Regnal name
Imperator Caesar Marcus Flavius Constantius Augustus
Dynasty
Constantinian
Religion
Roman polytheism
Flavius Valerius Constantius (c. 250 – 25 July 306), also called Constantius I, was a Roman emperor from 305 to 306. He was one of the four original members of the Tetrarchy established by Diocletian, first serving as caesar from 293 to 305 and then ruling as augustus until his death. Constantius was also father of Constantine the Great, the first Christian emperor of Rome. The nickname "Chlorus" (Greek: Χλωρός, lit. "the Pale") was first popularized by Byzantine-era historians and not used during the emperor's lifetime.
Of humble origin, Constantius had a distinguished military career and rose to the top ranks of the army. Around 289, he set aside Helena, Constantine's mother, to marry a daughter of Emperor Maximian, and in 293 was added to the imperial college by Maximian's colleague Diocletian. Assigned to rule Gaul, Constantius defeated the usurper Carausius there and his successor Allectus in Britain, and campaigned extensively along the Rhine frontier, defeating the Alamanni and Franks. When the Diocletianic Persecution was announced in 303, Constantius ordered the demolition of churches but did not actively hunt down Christians in his domain.[6] Upon becoming senior emperor in May 305, Constantius launched a successful punitive campaign against the Picts beyond the Antonine Wall.[7] He died suddenly at Eboracum (York) in July the following year.
After Constantius's death, the army, perhaps at his own instigation, immediately acclaimed his son Constantine as emperor. This act contributed to the collapse of the Diocletianic tetrarchy, sparking a series of civil wars which only ended when Constantine finally united the whole Roman Empire under his rule in 324. According to the Oxford Classical Dictionary, "Constantinian propaganda bedevils assessment of Constantius, yet he appears to have been an able general and a generous ruler".[8] His descendants, the Constantinian dynasty, ruled the Empire until the death of his grandson Julian the Apostate in 363.
^Cite error: The named reference ODB was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Jones, Martindale & Morris, p. 227.
^CIL VIII 608
^ILS I, 649
^Salway, Benet (1994). "What's in a Name? A Survey of Roman Onomastic Practice from c. 700 B.C. to A.D. 700" (PDF). Journal of Roman Studies. 84: 124–145. doi:10.2307/300873. JSTOR 300873. S2CID 162435434.
^ After his re-conquering of Roman Britain, he was given the title 'Redditor Lucis Aeternae', meaning 'The Restorer of Ethernal Light'.Bond, Sarah; Nicholson, Oliver (2018), Nicholson, Oliver (ed.), "Constantius I" (PDF), The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-866277-8, retrieved 25 August 2020, the nickname Chlorus (Green) is not older than the 6th century
^W.S. Hanson "Roman campaigns north of the Forth-Clyde isthmus: the evidence of the temporary camps"
^Davis, Raymond (22 December 2015). Constantius I, Flavius Valerius, Roman emperor. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.013.1790. ISBN 978-0-19-938113-5.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
and 26 Related for: Constantius Chlorus information
Flavius Valerius Constantius (c. 250 – 25 July 306), also called Constantius I, was a Roman emperor from 305 to 306. He was one of the four original members...
(Flavius) Julius Constantius (died September 337 AD) was a member of the Constantinian dynasty, being a son of Emperor ConstantiusChlorus and his wife Flavia...
351 to 354, as Caesar under emperor Constantius II (r. 337–61), his cousin. A grandson of emperor ConstantiusChlorus (r. 293–306) and empress Flavia Maximiana...
an informal name for the ruling family of the Roman Empire from ConstantiusChlorus (died 306) to the death of Julian in 363. It is named after its most...
Constantius may refer to: ConstantiusChlorus (c. 250 – 306), junior Emperor of Rome (Caesar) from 293 to 305 and senior Emperor (Augustus) from 305 to...
western Caesar ConstantiusChlorus in 293, after which Carausius was assassinated by his subordinate Allectus. Britain was regained by Constantius and his subordinate...
meanwhile, Constantius repopulated the territory, once inhabited by Batavians, with Salian Franks from Frisia. 298 Caesar ConstantiusChlorus, who was entrusted...
along the Rhine limes (in 306) following the death of his father ConstantiusChlorus (Augustus of the west) in 306, Constantine initially concentrated...
Constantius II (Latin: Flavius Julius Constantius; Greek: Κωνστάντιος, translit. Kōnstántios; 7 August 317 – 3 November 361) was Roman emperor from 337...
establishment of the Tetrarchy, was designated Caesar along with ConstantiusChlorus, receiving in marriage Diocletian's daughter Valeria (later known...
Claudius was declared a relative of Constantine the Great's father, ConstantiusChlorus, and, consequently, of the ruling dynasty. The Historia Augusta should...
Roman emperors died in Eboracum: Septimius Severus in 211 AD, and ConstantiusChlorus in 306 AD. The first known recorded mention of Eboracum by name is...
throughout the empire. In 288, Maximian appointed Constantius to serve as his praetorian prefect in Gaul. Constantius left Helena to marry Maximian's stepdaughter...
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Maximiana Theodora (died before 337) was a Roman empress as the wife of ConstantiusChlorus. She is often referred to as a stepdaughter of Emperor Maximian by...
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Great, emperor from AD 306 to 337. (Flavius) Julius Constantius, eldest son of ConstantiusChlorus and Theodora, and brother of Constantine. He was named...
most date Fausta's birth to c. 289 or 290. Theodora, the wife of ConstantiusChlorus, is often called Maximian's stepdaughter by ancient sources, leading...
– Denis, a bishop of Paris, is martyred by beheading. March 31 – ConstantiusChlorus, Roman emperor (d. 306) Gaius Galerius Valerius Maximianus, Roman...
Coel Hen as a King of the Britons, whose daughter, Helena marries ConstantiusChlorus and gives birth to a son who becomes the Emperor Constantine the...
Tetrarchy would effectively collapse with the death of ConstantiusChlorus on July 25, 306. Constantius's troops in Eboracum immediately proclaimed his son...
4 – Adrian and Natalia of Nicomedia, Christian martyrs July 25 – ConstantiusChlorus, Roman emperor (b. c. 250) August 25 – Maginus, Christian hermit...
Thereafter there were tensions with his remaining brother and co-augustus Constantius II (r. 337–361), including over the exiled bishop Athanasius of Alexandria...
Galerius and Constantius were appointed caesares in March 293. Diocletian and Maximian retired on 1 May 305, raising Galerius and Constantius to the rank...
Helena, to make up for the neglect paid her by her former husband, ConstantiusChlorus. After her conversion to Christianity, Constantine sent her on a...
Western Roman Empire and the Alamanni. The Roman force was led by ConstantiusChlorus, and was victorious. Few of the battles of that age, in the 130-year...