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Example of a two-dimensional Gabor filter
In image processing, a Gabor filter, named after Dennis Gabor, who first proposed it as a 1D filter.[1]
The Gabor filter was first generalized to 2D by Gösta Granlund,[2] by adding a reference direction.
The Gabor filter is a linear filter used for texture analysis, which essentially means that it analyzes whether there is any specific frequency content in the image in specific directions in a localized region around the point or region of analysis. Frequency and orientation representations of Gabor filters are claimed by many contemporary vision scientists to be similar to those of the human visual system.[3] They have been found to be particularly appropriate for texture representation and discrimination. In the spatial domain, a 2D Gabor filter is a Gaussian kernel function modulated by a sinusoidal plane wave (see Gabor transform).
Some authors claim that simple cells in the visual cortex of mammalian brains can be modeled by Gabor functions.[4][5] Thus, image analysis with Gabor filters is thought by some to be similar to perception in the human visual system.
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Gabor, D. (1946). "Theory of communication". J. Inst. Electr. Eng. 93.
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Granlund G. H. (1978). "In Search of a General Picture Processing Operator". Computer Graphics and Image Processing. 8 (2): 155–173. doi:10.1016/0146-664X(78)90047-3. ISSN 0146-664X.
^Olshausen, B. A. & Field, D. J. (1996). "Emergence of simple-cell receptive-field properties by learning a sparse code for natural images". Nature. 381 (6583): 607–609. Bibcode:1996Natur.381..607O. doi:10.1038/381607a0. PMID 8637596. S2CID 4358477.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Marčelja, S. (1980). "Mathematical description of the responses of simple cortical cells". Journal of the Optical Society of America. 70 (11): 1297–1300. Bibcode:1980JOSA...70.1297M. doi:10.1364/JOSA.70.001297. PMID 7463179.
^Daugman, John G. (1985-07-01). "Uncertainty relation for resolution in space, spatial frequency, and orientation optimized by two-dimensional visual cortical filters". Journal of the Optical Society of America A. 2 (7): 1160–9. Bibcode:1985JOSAA...2.1160D. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.465.8506. doi:10.1364/JOSAA.2.001160. ISSN 1084-7529. PMID 4020513. S2CID 9271650.
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