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The Funj are an ethnic group in present-day Sudan. The Funj set up the Funj Sultanate with Abdallah Jamma and ruled the area for several centuries. The Funj rose in southern Nubia and had overthrown the remnants of the old Christian kingdom of Alodia. In 1504 a Funj leader named Amara Dunqas, founded the Black Sultanate at Sannar (the capital). The Black Sultanate soon became the keystone of the Funj Empire.
The origins of the Funj are not clearly known. There is only limited evidence for a pre-Arabic Funj language.[1] There are three different hypotheses regarding their origin. The Funj claimed to be descendants of Banu Umayya through those who escaped the slaughter of their family by the Abbasids and fled to Abyssinia and thence into the Nubian territory. Since the Ja'alin claimed descent from the Abbasids and the Abdallab from the Juhayna, the Funj may have claimed Umayyad descent to express their superiority to their subject peoples.[2]
James Bruce, in his book Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile, theorized that the Funj descend from the Shilluk people. Bruce wrote his book after 22 years of travel through North Africa and Ethiopia in the 18th century. The third hypothesis is that they are descendants of the remnants of the Kingdom of Alodia Nubians who escaped further south to replenish their supplies and resources and returned to establish their state. The most cited theory is that they are Nubians who mixed with Arabs.
The Funj are an ethnic group in present-day Sudan. The Funj set up the Funj Sultanate with Abdallah Jamma and ruled the area for several centuries. The...
The Funj Sultanate, also known as Funjistan, Sultanate of Sennar (after its capital Sennar) or Blue Sultanate (due to the traditional Sudanese convention...
Egyptian Nile lands. One theory is that pressure from the Cøllø drove the Funjpeople north, who would establish the Sultanate of Sennar. The Dinka remained...
refer to: Feng (surname), a Chinese surname that is Fung in Cantonese Funjpeople, also spelled Fung Phung (disambiguation) This disambiguation page lists...
ethnic groups that inhabit Kordofan are Nubians, Daju, Beja, Zaghawa, and Funjpeople. Nilotic tribes, Nuba, Shilluk and Dinka, also inhabit parts of Kordofan...
The Berta (Bertha) or Funj or Benishangul are an ethnic group living along the border of Sudan and Ethiopia. They speak a Nilo-Saharan language that is...
it was pressure from the Shilluk that drove the Funjpeople north where they would establish the Funj Sultanate. The Dinka remained in the Sudd area,...
of the Dindar River: Emperor Iyasu II of Ethiopia is defeated by the Funjpeople. April 15 – Serse, an Italian opera by George Frideric Handel, premieres...
Arabs or the Funj in c. 1500. Centered around the mountainous region of Fazughli on the Blue Nile and serving as a buffer between the Funj sultanate and...
of the Dindar River: Emperor Iyasu II of Ethiopia is defeated by the Funjpeople. April 15 – Serse, an Italian opera by George Frideric Handel, premieres...
northward advance of the Nilotic Shilluk people up the White Nile and compelled many of them to submit to Funj authority. After this victory, the mek Badi...
family of the Funj Sultanate of Sennar continued to reign, while actual power was exercised by the regents. The Shankalla were people from the upper...
the late 18th and early 19th centuries, during the decline of the northern Funj Sultanate. In the 19th century, the Shilluk were affected by military assaults...
cataract, including the former capital Dongola, had been annexed by the Islamic Funj Sultanate by the early 16th century. Over time, the Nubians gradually converted...
of the state of Sennar. For several centuries it was the capital of the Funj Kingdom of Sennar and until at least 2011, Sennar was the capital of Sennar...
Upper Nile valley. By around 1500 Soba had fallen to either Arabs or the Funj. This likely marked the end of Alodia, although some Sudanese oral traditions...
either the Arabs, commanded by tribal leader Abdallah Jamma, or the Funj, an African people originating from the south. Datings range from the 9th century...
succeeded in establishing an independent state, but they were defeated by the Funj Sultanate in 1504 and thereafter ruled over the Butana as vassals until the...
southern Sudan, which lasted from the 6th to the early 16th century. The Funj Sultanate was founded in 1504 and at its peak ruled over an area covering...
clashes in the state broke out in 2022 between the Hausa people and Funj and Berta peoples over land disputes which led to the deaths of hundreds of...
Adlan II (died 1789) was the ruler of the Kingdom of Sennar (1776 - 1789). He defeated the Vizier Rajab of Sennar and Fiki Haji Mohammed Majdub in the...
Gule, went extinct.[citation needed] They claim direct relation to the Funj Sultanate. Goddard, John (1979). Kayaks Down the Nile. Brigham Young University...
Ingessena hills were alternately raided for several hundred years by the Funj sultans of Sennar to the northwest or by the Abyssinian kings of Gondar to...
could be found in the country of the "Xiogeia". They were subjects of the Funj Sultanate, which extended as far north as Dongola. From the sixteenth century...
Badi VII (reigned 1805–1821) was the last ruler of the Funj Sultanate. Badi offered no resistance to Ismail Pasha, who had led the khedive army of his...
figurehead. In 1821, the Funj were conquered by Muhammad Ali (1805–1849), Pasha of Egypt. Settlements of Bantu-speaking peoples who were iron-using agriculturists...
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