Fundulus is a genus of ray-finned fishes in the superfamily Funduloidea, family Fundulidae (of which it is the type genus). It belongs to the order of toothcarps (Cyprinodontiformes), and therein the large suborder Cyprinodontoidei. Most of its closest living relatives are egg-laying, with the notable exception of the splitfin livebearers (Goodeidae).
They are usually smallish; most species reaching a length of at most 4 in (10 cm) when fully grown. However, a few larger species exist, with the giant killifish (F. grandissimus) and the northern studfish (F. catenatus) growing to twice the genus' average size.
Many of the 40-odd species are commonly known by the highly ambiguous name "killifish" (the general term for egg-laying toothcarps), or the somewhat less ambiguous "topminnow" (a catch-all term for Fundulidae). "Studfish" is a quite unequivocal vernacular name applied to some other Fundulus species; it is not usually used to refer to the genus as a whole.
Fundulus have evolved to occupy a wide range of aquatic ecosystems, including marine, estuarine, and freshwater, making it a good comparative model system for studying evolutionary divergence between marine and freshwater environments.[2] To assist with this research, Oxford Nanopore long-read reference genomes have been sequenced for F. xenicus, F. catenatus, F. nottii, and F. olivaceus[3].
^Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Fundulus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 23 September 2019.
^Burnett, Karen G.; Bain, Lisa J.; Baldwin, William S.; Callard, Gloria V.; Cohen, Sarah; Di Giulio, Richard T.; Evans, David H.; Gómez-Chiarri, Marta; Hahn, Mark E.; Hoover, Cindi A.; Karchner, Sibel I. (2007-12-01). "Fundulus as the premier teleost model in environmental biology: Opportunities for new insights using genomics". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Proteomics. 2 (4): 257–286. doi:10.1016/j.cbd.2007.09.001. ISSN 1744-117X. PMC 2128618. PMID 18071578.
^Johnson, Lisa K.; Sahasrabudhe, Ruta; Gill, James Anthony; Roach, Jennifer L.; Froenicke, Lutz; Brown, C. Titus; Whitehead, Andrew (2020-06-01). "Draft genome assemblies using sequencing reads from Oxford Nanopore Technology and Illumina platforms for four species of North American Fundulus killifish". GigaScience. 9 (6). doi:10.1093/gigascience/giaa067. PMC 7301629. PMID 32556169.
vernacular name applied to some other Fundulus species; it is not usually used to refer to the genus as a whole. Fundulus have evolved to occupy a wide range...
synonyms for this species include Cobitis heteroclita, Fundulus fasciatus, Fundulus pisculentus, and Fundulus nigrofasciatus. The mummichog belongs to the order...
banded killifish (Fundulus diaphanus) is a North American species of temperate freshwater killifish belonging to the genus Fundulus of the family Fundulidae...
Gaius Fundanius Fundulus was a Roman politician of gens Fundania in the third century BC. In 248 BC, Fundulus, as Tribune of the Plebs, accused Publius...
20 November 2021. "Fundulus zebrinus". NatureServe. The Nature Conservancy. Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2019). "Fundulus zebrinus" in FishBase...
and three years. Such killifish are common in the Americas (Cyprinodon, Fundulus and Rivulus) as well as in Africa and Asia (including Aphyosemion, Aplocheilus...
the largest species of killifish; note for example the Gulf killifish (Fundulus grandis) which can reach a maximum length of 18 centimetres (7.1 in). Olaosebikan...
Fundulus luciae, the spotfin killifish, is a member of the genus Fundulus. This hardy fish is notable for spending its entire life in sporadically flooded...
The Seminole killifish (Fundulus seminolis) is a fish of the genus Fundulus, endemic to the U.S. state of Florida. The Seminole killifish ranges throughout...
Media related to Fundulus notatus at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Fundulus notatus at Wikispecies Blackstripe topminnow (Fundulus notatus) illustrations...
The bayou killifish or bayou topminnow (Fundulus pulvereus) is a topminnow-like fish that thrives primarily in the shallow waters off the shores of the...
and placed the diamond killifish into the Fundulus genus. Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2022). "Fundulus xenicus" in FishBase. October 2022 version...
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2019). "Fundulus lima" in FishBase. April 2019 version. "Fundulus lima Vaillant, 1894". ITIS. Eschmeyer, William...
The golden topminnow (Fundulus chrysotus) is a fish of the genus Fundulus and is a United States native fish mostly distributed throughout the southeast...
russetfin topminnow (Fundulus escambiae) is a North American species of temperate freshwater killifish belonging to the genus Fundulus of the family Fundulidae...
The Gulf killifish (Fundulus grandis) is one of the largest members of the genus Fundulus; it is capable of growing up to 7 inches (18 cm) in length,...
The striped killifish (Fundulus majalis), also called the striped mummichog, is a North American species of fundulid killifish. It lives in salt and brackish...
name Fundulus, is from the Latin name Fundus, meaning "bottom". The species name olivaceus means "olive-colored". NatureServe (2013). "Fundulus olivaceus"...
The Starhead topminnow (Fundulus dispar) is a native United States species that ranges from the Ouachita River drainage in Louisiana, the Big Black river...
on the bottom. Fundulopanchax gardneri originally described in 1911 as Fundulus gardneri by George Albert Boulenger with the type locality given as Okwoga...
The longnose killifish (Fundulus similis) is a marine tropical benthopelagic fish of the genus Fundulus and the family Fundulidae. It is endemic to the...
The Barrens topminnow (Fundulus julisia) is an endangered species of freshwater fish in the family Fundulidae. F. julisia is not only found in one state...
The northern studfish (Fundulus catenatus) is the largest of the killifish[citation needed] and is native to the southcentral United States. The mean length...
The plains topminnow (Fundulus sciadicus) is a species of freshwater topminnow found in North America. The fish has a small range within the United States...
killifish (Fundulus bermudae) is a small fish which is endemic to the islands of Bermuda in the western Atlantic Ocean. It belongs to the genus Fundulus in the...
The California killifish (Fundulus parvipinnis) is a type of killifish (Fundulidae) found along the coast of southern California and Baja California. Like...
banded topminnow (Fundulus cingulatus) is a North American species of temperate freshwater killifish belonging to the genus Fundulus of the family Fundulidae...
swamps and intermittent freshwater marshes. This species was described as Fundulus palmqvisti by Einar Lönnberg in 1907 with the type locality being Tanga...
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