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French submarine X information


X
A French post card of X, date unknown. The submarine's bow is on the right. A Jemmapes-class coast-defense ship is in the background.
Class overview
NameX
OperatorsFrench submarine X French Navy
Preceded byY
Succeeded byAigrette class
Built1903–1905
In service1905–1913
Completed1
History
Ordered10 January 1902
BuilderArsenal de Cherbourg
Laid down20 April 1903
Launched15 November 1904
Commissioned18 December 1905
Decommissioned1 June 1913
RenamedDauphin, 13 February 1911
Stricken21 May 1914
FateSold for scrap, 1922
General characteristics
TypeSubmarine
Displacement
  • 165 long tons (168 t) (surfaced)
  • 180 long tons (183 t) (submerged)
Length37.7 m (123 ft 8 in) (o/a)
Beam3.1 m (10 ft 2 in)
Draught2.4 m (7 ft 10 in)
Installed power2 × motor-generators, 230–260 PS (169–191 kW)
Propulsion2 × variable-pitch propellers
Speed
  • 8.4 knots (15.6 km/h; 9.7 mph) (surfaced)
  • 6.2 knots (11.5 km/h; 7.1 mph) (submerged)
Range
  • 170 nmi (310 km; 200 mi) at 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) (surfaced)
  • 60 nmi (110 km; 69 mi) at 4.5 knots (8.3 km/h; 5.2 mph) (submerged)
Complement15 men
Armament
  • 1 × 450 mm (17.7 in) bow torpedo tube
  • 2 × 450 mm (17.7 in) Drzewiecki drop collar torpedo launchers
  • 1 × 450 mm (17.7 in) external torpedo cradle

X was an experimental submarine built for the French Navy (Marine nationale) during the first decade of the 20th century. Designed by Gaston Romazzotti, she was shaped like the letter Y with two sterns, making her the first submarine with two propeller shafts. The boat was completed in 1905 and spent the next two years conducting her sea trials. X was renamed Dauphin (Dolphin) in 1911. Her internal-combustion engines proved unreliable and she was decommissioned in 1913 and struck from the navy list the following year. The submarine was not used during the First World War and was sold for scrap in 1922.

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