1963–present separatist movement in Indonesian New Guinea
For political independence United Liberation Movement for West Papua (ULMWP), see United Liberation Movement for West Papua.
Free Papua Movement
Organisasi Papua Merdeka, OPM
Flag
Coat of arms
Leaders
Jacob Hendrik Prai (until 2022)
Dates of operation
1 December 1963 – present
Active regions
Central Papua, Highland Papua, Papua, South Papua, Southwest Papua, and West Papua
Ideology
Papuan nationalism Revolutionary nationalism Separation from Indonesia Anti-colonialism Anti-imperialism Anti-capitalism[1]
Allies
Libya (until 2011)[2]
Opponents
Indonesia
Battles and wars
Papua Conflict
Designated as a terrorist group by
Indonesia[3][4]
The Free Papua Movement or Free Papua Organization (Indonesian: Organisasi Papua Merdeka, OPM) is a name given to an independence movement based on Western New Guinea, seeking liberation of the territory from colonial Indonesian administration. The territory is currently divided into six Indonesian provinces of Central Papua, Highland Papua, Papua, South Papua, Southwest Papua, and West Papua, also formerly known as Papua, Irian Jaya and West Irian.[5]
The movement consists of three elements: a disparate group of armed units each with limited territorial control with no single commander; several groups in the territory that conduct demonstrations and protests; and a small group of leaders based abroad that raise awareness of issues in the territory whilst striving for international support for independence.[5]
Since its inception, the OPM has attempted diplomatic dialogue, conducted Morning Star flag-raising ceremonies, and undertaken militant actions as part of the Papua conflict. Supporters routinely display the Morning Star flag and other symbols of Papuan unity, such as the national anthem "Hai Tanahku Papua" and a national coat of arms, which had been adopted in the period 1961 until Indonesian administration began in May 1963 under the New York Agreement.[6] Beginning in 2021, the movement is considered as a separatist terrorist organisation (Indonesian: Kelompok Teroris dan Separatis) in Indonesia, and its activities have incurred charges of treason and terrorism.[3]
^"Dukung Rusia Serbu Ukraina, TPNPB-OPM Kecam Amerika dan Indonesia - Nasional". GATRAcom (in Indonesian). 5 March 2022. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
^"Libyan terrorism: the case against Gaddafi. - Free Online Library". www.thefreelibrary.com.
^ ab"Label Teroris untuk KKB Papua Akhirnya Jadi Nyata" (in Indonesian). April 2021.
^"Indonesia Classifies Papuan Rebels as Terrorist Group". Benar News.
^ abInstitute for Policy Analysis of Conflict (24 August 2015). "The current status of the Papuan pro-independence movement" (PDF). IPAC Report No.21. Jakarta, Indonesia. OCLC 974913162. Retrieved 24 October 2017. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
^Lintner, Bertil (22 January 2009). "Papuans Try to Keep Cause Alive". Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 1 August 2013.
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Global Information
Libya (until 2011)[2]
Indonesia