Francization (in American English, Canadian English, and Oxford English) or Francisation (in other British English), also known as Frenchification, is the expansion of French language use—either through willful adoption or coercion—by more and more social groups who had not before used the language as a common means of expression in daily life.[1][2][3][4] As a linguistic concept, known usually as gallicization, it is the practice of modifying foreign words, names, and phrases to make them easier to spell, pronounce, or understand in French.
According to the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF), the figure of 220 million Francophones (French-language speakers) is underestimated[5] because it only counts people who can write, understand and speak French fluently, thus excluding a majority of African French-speaking people, who do not know how to write.[6] The French Conseil économique, social et environnemental estimate that were they included, the total number of French speakers passed 500 million in the year 2000.[7] French has the world's fastest-growing relative share of speakers.
In 2014, a study from the French bank Natixis claimed French will become the world's most-spoken language by 2050.[8][9][10] However, critics of the study state that French coexists with other languages in many countries and the study's estimates are prone to exaggeration.
The number of Francophones in the world has been rising substantially since the 1980s. In 1985, there were 106 million Francophones around the world. That number quickly rose to 173.2 million in 1997, 200 million in 2005, 220 million in 2010 (+10% from 2007).[11] and reached 274 million in 2014.[12] Forecasts expect that the number of French speakers in Africa alone will reach 400 million in 2025, 715 million (readjusted in 2010)[13] by 2050 and reach 1 billion and 222 million in 2060 (readjusted in 2013).[14] The worldwide French-speaking population is expected to quadruple, whereas the world population is predicted to grow by half.[15]
^"FRANCISÉ : Définition de FRANCISÉ". Ortolang (in French). Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales. Retrieved 30 December 2017.
^Dictionnaire Général Et Grammatical, Des Dictionnaires Français, Tome 2°, 1851.
^Nouveau Vocabulaire Français, Où L'on A Suivi L'orthographe Adoptée.
^Le Québécois - Dictionnaires et Langues.
^"TV5MONDE : TV internationale francophone : Info, Jeux, Programmes TV, Météo, Dictionnaire". Tv5.org. Archived from the original on 5 August 2014. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
^"L'Afrique, un continent refuge pour la francophonie". Afrique Avenir. 15 October 2010. Archived from the original on 9 April 2012. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
^"Discours". La voix de la diversité. Organisation internationale de la Francophonie. Archived from the original on 16 May 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2017.
^"FRANCE - Le français, langue la plus parlée en 2050 ?". France24.com. 26 March 2014. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
^Pierre Haski (25 March 2014). "Le français sera la langue la plus parlée dans le monde en 2050 - Rue89 - L'Obs" (in French). Rue89.nouvelobs.com. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
^"Le français sera-t-il la langue la plus parlée en 2050 ?". Lesinrocks.com. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
^"La Francophonie ne progresse pas qu'en Afrique - Général - RFI". Rfi.fr. 21 October 2010. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
^"274 millions de francophones dans le monde - Organisation internationale de la Francophonie". www.francophonie.org. Archived from the original on 7 November 2014. Retrieved 30 December 2017.
^(in French)Cahiers québécois de démographie, vol. 31, n° 2, 2003, p. 273-294.
^"Un milliard de francophones en 2060". Le Figaro. 20 March 2013. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
^(in French)Cahiers québécois de démographie, vol. 32, no 2, 2003, p. 273-294
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