A demonstration of 'Fougasse', somewhere in Britain. A car is surrounded in flames and a huge cloud of smoke. c 1940.
Type
Anti-personnel and anti-tank mine
Place of origin
United Kingdom
Service history
In service
1940–present
Used by
British Army and Home Guard
Wars
Second World War
Production history
Designer
Petroleum Warfare Department and William Howard Livens
Designed
1940-41
No. built
50,000 in Britain
Specifications
Rate of fire
Single shot
Effective firing range
30 yd (27 m)[1]
Sights
None
A flame fougasse (sometimes contracted to fougasse and may be spelled foo gas[2]) is a type of mine or improvised explosive device which uses an explosive charge to project burning liquid onto a target.[3] The flame fougasse was developed by the Petroleum Warfare Department in Britain as an anti-tank weapon during the invasion crisis of 1940. During that period, about 50,000 flame fougasse barrels were deployed in some 7,000 batteries, mostly in southern England and a little later at 2,000 sites in Scotland.[4] Although never used in combat in Britain, the design saw action later in Greece.[4]
Later in World War II, Germany and Russia developed flame throwing mines that worked on a somewhat different principle.
After World War II, flame fougasses similar to the original British design have been used in several conflicts including the Korean and Vietnam Wars where it was improvised from easily available parts.[5] The flame fougasse remains in army field manuals as a battlefield expedient to the present day.[5]
^Barrel Flame Traps 1942, p. 6.
^"Dictionary". Vietnam. Retrieved 13 October 2010.
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