Robert the Bruce addresses his troops before the Battle of Bannockburn. Drawing from c. 1900.
Date
26 March 1296[a] – 1 May 1328 (32 years, 35 days)
Location
British Isles
Result
Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton
Scottish independence from England maintained
English victory in Ireland
Reinstatement of Anglo-Scottish border from reign of Alexander III of Scotland
Belligerents
Kingdom of Scotland Supported by:
Kingdom of France Gaelic Ireland:
Kingdom of Connacht
Kingdom of Thomond
Kingdom of Hy Many
Kingdom of Tyrconnell
Kingdom of Breffny
Kingdom of Oriel
Kingdom of Desmond
Kingdom of Moylurg
Kingdom of England
Lordship of Ireland
County Palatine of Durham
Commanders and leaders
John Balliol #William Wallace (Commander-in-chief until 1305) Robert I (Commander-in-chief from 1305) John "Red" Comyn X Andrew Moray (DOW) William the Hardy # James "Black" Douglas Earl of Moray Edward Bruce † Simon Fraser Angus Og MacDonald Walter the Steward
Edward I# (1296–1307) Edward II (1307–1327) Edward III (1327–1328) Earl of Surrey # Earl of Pembroke # Earl of Richmond Raymond Caillau † Earl of Louth Earl of Carrick # Earl of Desmond Antony Bek #
v
t
e
First War of Scottish Independence
1296
1st Berwick
Dunbar
1297–1304
Lanark
Scone
Stirling Bridge
Falkirk
Roslin
Happrew
Stirling Castle
Earnside
1306–1314
Methven
Dalrigh
Loch Ryan
Turnberry
Glen Trool
Loudoun Hill
Slioch
Inverurie
Buchan
River Dee
Pass of Brander
Roxburgh
Bannockburn
Ireland (1315–1318)
Invasion of Ireland
Moiry Pass
Connor
Kells
Skerries
Faughart
1315–1327
Carlisle
Skaithmuir
2nd Berwick
Myton
Great Raid of 1322
Old Byland
Weardale
Treaties
Auld Alliance
Corbeil
Edinburgh–Northampton
v
t
e
Scottish Independence Wars
First
Second
Later Anglo-Scottish Wars
The First War of Scottish Independence was the first of a series of wars between English and Scottish forces. It lasted from the English invasion of Scotland in 1296 until the de jure restoration of Scottish independence with the Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton in 1328. De facto independence was established in 1314 at the Battle of Bannockburn. The wars were caused by the attempts of the English kings to establish their authority over Scotland while Scots fought to keep English rule and authority out of Scotland.[1]
The term "War of Independence" did not exist at the time. The war was given that name retrospectively many centuries later, after the American War of Independence made the term popular, and after the rise of modern Scottish nationalism.[citation needed]
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
^"Scotland's History: The Wars of Independence". BBC.; "The Scottish Wars of Independence, 1286–1328". Education Scotland. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013.
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