First Brazilian Republic information

Republic of the
United States of Brazil
*República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil*
Republic of the; United States of Brazil República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1889–1930
	Flag Coat of arms
	Motto: Ordem e Progresso; "Order and Progress"
	Anthem: Hino Nacional Brasileiro; "Brazilian National Anthem"
	Brazil at its largest territorial extent, including Acre
Capital	Rio de Janeiro
Common languages	Portuguese
Government	Military dictatorship (1889–1894) ; Oligarchic federal presidential republic (1894–1930)
President
• 1889–1891	Deodoro da Fonseca (first)
• 1926–1930	Washington Luís (last)
Legislature	National Congress
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	Chamber of Deputies
Historical era	19th–20th century
• Proclamation of the Republic	15 November 1889
• Republican Constitution	24 February 1891
• Naval Revolts	1893–1894
• Federalist Revolution	1893–1895
• Civilian rule	15 November 1894
• Revolution of 1930	3 November 1930
Population
• 1890	14,333,915
• 1900	17,438,434
• 1920	30,635,605
Currency	Real
ISO 3166 code	BR
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Empire of Brazil
Vargas Era

The First Brazilian Republic, also referred to as the Old Republic (Portuguese: República Velha Portuguese pronunciation: [ʁeˈpublikɐ ˈvɛʎɐ]), officially the Republic of the United States of Brazil, refers to the period of Brazilian history from 1889 to 1930. The Old Republic began with the deposition of Emperor Pedro II in 1889, and ended with the Brazilian Revolution of 1930 that installed Getúlio Vargas as a new president. During the First Brazilian Republic, Brazil was dominated by a form of machine politics known as coronelism, in which the political and economic spheres were dominated by large landholders. The most powerful of such landholders were the coffee industry of São Paulo and the dairy industry of Minas Gerais. Because of the power of these two industries, the Old Republic's political system has been described as "milk coffee politics."

First Brazilian Republic information

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First Brazilian Republic

Vargas Era

Brazilian Army in the First Republic

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History of Brazil
Part of a series on the
Terra Brasilis, Miller Atlas, 1519
Pre-Cabraline Indigenous peoples Luzia Kuhikugu Marajoara culture
Colonial Brazil Treaty of Tordesillas Pedro Álvares Cabral's voyage European discovery Letter of Pero Vaz de Caminha Captaincies Brazilwood cycle [pt] Sugar cycle Slavery Slave trade State of Brazil France Antarctique Bandeirantes Jesuit missions Quilombo dos Palmares France Equinoxiale Dutch invasions Dutch Brazil Gold cycle War of the Emboabas Mascate War Vila Rica Revolt Spanish–Portuguese War (1735–1737) Treaty of Madrid Guaraní War Spanish–Portuguese War (1776–1777) Minas Gerais Conspiracy Transfer of the Portuguese court to Brazil Opening of the ports [pt] Invasion of the Banda Oriental
United Kingdom with Portugal Pernambuco Revolt Conquest of French Guiana Conquest of the Banda Oriental Constituent Cortes of 1820
Independence Dia do Fico Declaration of Independence War of Independence Recognition of Independence
Empire of Brazil Reign of Pedro I 1823 Constituent Assembly Night of Agony 1824 Constitution Confederation of the Equator Cisplatine War Abdication of Pedro I Regency Period April Revolt 1834 Additional Act Malê Revolt Cabanagem Ragamuffin War Balaiada Declaration of majority of Pedro II Reign of Pedro II Liberal rebellions of 1842 Praieira revolt Coffee cycle Eusébio de Queirós Law Platine War Christie Affair Uruguayan War Paraguayan War Religious Issue Revolt of the Muckers Grande Seca Abolition of Slavery Post–abolition of slavery
Old Republic Proclamation of the Republic 1891 Constitution Republic of the Sword [pt] Encilhamento Navy Revolts Federalist Revolution Belle Époque Coffee with milk politics Coronelism Amazon rubber boom War of Canudos Annexation of Acre Vaccine Revolt Taubaté Agreement Naval arms race Revolt of the Lash Contestado War World War I Lieutenant revolts
Vargas Era Second Brazilian Republic Revolution of 1930 Constitutionalist Revolution 1934 Constitution Communist uprising of 1935 Estado Novo 1937 Brazilian coup d'état 1937 Constitution Integralist Uprising World War II Ousting of Getúlio Vargas
Populist Republic Lott's preventative coup Construction of Brasília Legality Campaign Plano Trienal
Military dictatorship 1964 Brazilian coup d'état Vacancy in the Presidency AI-5 Araguaia Guerrilla War March of the One Hundred Thousand Brazilian Miracle Redemocratization Diretas Já
New Republic Lost Decade 1988 Constituent Assembly 1988 Constitution Plano Collor Impeachment of Fernando Collor Mercosul 1993 Constitutional referendum Plano Real Mensalão Car Wash investigation Impeachment of Dilma Rousseff Coronavirus pandemic
By federative unit Acre Alagoas Amapá Amazonas Bahia Ceará Federal District Espírito Santo Goiás Maranhão Mato Grosso Mato Grosso do Sul Minas Gerais Pará Paraíba Paraná Pernambuco Piauí Rio de Janeiro Rio Grande do Norte Rio Grande do Sul Rondônia Roraima Santa Catarina São Paulo Sergipe Tocantins
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