Finnish Americans, Estonian Canadians, Estonian Americans
Finnish Canadians are Canadian citizens of Finnish ancestry or Finns who emigrated to and reside in Canada. In 2016, 143,645 Canadians claimed Finnish ancestry. Finns started coming to Canada in the early 1880s, and in much larger numbers in the early 20th century and well into the mid-20th century. Finnish immigration to Canada was often a direct result of economic depressions and wars, or in the aftermath of major conflicts like the Finnish Civil War.[2][3] Canada was often chosen as a final destination because of the similarity in climate and natural conditions, while employment in logging or homesteading attracted landless farmers in the early 20th century.[4] Migratory movements of Finns between Canada and the United States was very common as well.[5]
In the early 20th century, newly arrived Finnish immigrants to Canada quickly became involved in political organizations, churches, athletic clubs and other forms of associational life.[6][7] Halls and co-operatives were often erected in communities with sizable Finnish populations. "Finnish Canadians" pioneered efforts to establish co-operatives in several Canadian cities. Canada's largest co-operative, the
Consumers' Co-operative Society, was started by Finns.
The 2011 Census recorded 136,215 Canadians who claimed Finnish ancestry,[1] an increase compared to the 2006 Census.[8]
^ abcdeStatistics Canada. "Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity Highlight Tables". Archived from the original on 6 July 2021. Retrieved 1 June 2016.
^Adamson, Julia (14 March 2010). "– SGW – Finnish Saskatchewan Genealogy Roots". Saskatchewan History and Ethnic Roots. Saskatchewan Gen Web Project. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
^Johnson, Gilbert (1962), "Prairie People "The New Finland Colony"." (digitised online 30 November 2010 with permission from Saskatchewan Archivist by the New Finland Historical and Heritage Society, Julia Adamson), Saskatchewan History, vol. XV Spring 1962 Number 2, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan: Saskatchewan Archives Board, p. 69, archived from the original on 3 November 2012, retrieved 9 December 2010
^Cleef, Eugene Van (1952), Finnish Settlement in Canada, The Geographical Review 1952, p. 253-266., pp. 253–266, archived from the original (republished online genealogia, The Genealogical Society of Finland) on 9 August 2011, retrieved 7 October 2010
^Wishart, David J (2004), Encyclopedia of the Great Plains (illustrated, annotated ed.), U of Nebraska Press, p. 230, ISBN 978-0-8032-4787-1
^Gallop, Ralph (1972). "History of New Finland Colony covers 72 years of progress" (digitised online 25 October 2009 by the New Finland Historical and Heritage Society, Red Lauttamus and Julia Adamson). Wapella Post, now The World-Spectator. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
^Anderson, Alan (2006). "Finnish settlements". Canadian Plains Research Center, University of Regina. Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived from the original on 12 August 2010. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
^http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/hlt/97-562/pages/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Table=2&Data=Count&StartRec=1&Sort=3&Display=All&CSDFilter=5000 Archived 18 August 2016 at the Wayback Machine [bare URL]
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