Stromatolite-containing geological formation in South Africa
Fig Tree Formation
Stratigraphic range: Paleoarchean ~3260 Ma
Pha.
Proterozoic
Archean
Had.
↓
Type
Geological formation
Unit of
Barberton Supergroup
Underlies
Moodies Group
Overlies
Onverwacht Group
Lithology
Primary
Sandstone
Other
Shale
Location
Location
Kaapvaal Craton
Coordinates
25°48′S31°00′E / 25.8°S 31.0°E / -25.8; 31.0
Region
Barberton Greenstone Belt, Mpumalanga
Country
South Africa
Location of the Barberton Greenstone Belt
The Fig Tree Formation, also called Fig Tree Group, is a stromatolite-containing geological formation in South Africa. The rock contains fossils of microscopic life forms of about 3.26 billion years old.[1] Identified organisms include the bacterium Eobacterium isolatum and the algae-like Archaeosphaeroides barbertonensis. The fossils in the Fig Tree Formation are considered some of the oldest known organisms on Earth, and provide evidence that life may have existed much earlier than previously thought. The formation is composed of shales, turbiditic greywackes, volcaniclastic sandstones, chert, turbiditic siltstone, conglomerate, breccias, mudstones, and iron-rich shales.[2]
^2015 - Brown - Exploring the Evolution of Oxygen on the Early Earth: Constraining the Evolution of Oxidative Phosphorylation Through the Utilization of Uranium Isotopes
^Barberton geological field mapping report 2012
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