Species of flowering plant in the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae)
For the greater celandine, see Chelidonium majus.
Lesser celandine
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
Clade:
Tracheophytes
Clade:
Angiosperms
Clade:
Eudicots
Order:
Ranunculales
Family:
Ranunculaceae
Genus:
Ficaria
Species:
F. verna
Binomial name
Ficaria verna
Huds. 1762[1][2]
Synonyms[1]
Synonyms
Caltha hiranoi Tamura
Chelidonium minus Garsault [Invalid]
Ficaria ambigua Boreau
Ficaria aperta Schur
Ficaria boryi Heldr. ex Nyman
Ficaria bulbifera (Á.Löve & D.Löve) Holub
Ficaria communis Dum.Cours.
Ficaria degenii Harv.
Ficaria ficaria (L.) H.Karst. [Invalid]
Ficaria holubyi Schur
Ficaria intermedia Schur
Ficaria peloponnesiaca Nyman
Ficaria polypetala Gilib. [Invalid]
Ficaria pumila Velen. ex Bornm.
Ficaria ranunculiflora Moench ex St.-Lag.
Ficaria ranunculoides Roth [Illegitimate]
Ficaria robertii F.W.Schultz
Ficaria rotundifolia Schur
Ficaria stepporum P.A.Smirn.
Ficaria transsilvanica Schur
Ficaria varia Otsch.
Ficaria vulgaris J.St.-Hil.
Ranunculus ficaria L.
Ficaria verna (formerly Ranunculus ficariaL.), commonly known as lesser celandine or pilewort,[3] is a low-growing, hairless perennial flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae. It has fleshy dark green, heart-shaped leaves and distinctive flowers with bright yellow, glossy petals.[4][5] Native to Europe and Western Asia, it is now introduced in North America, where it is known by the common name fig buttercup and considered an invasive species.[6][7][8][9] The plant is poisonous if ingested raw and potentially fatal to grazing animals and livestock such as horses, cattle, and sheep.[10] For these reasons, several US states have banned the plant or listed it as a noxious weed.[7][11] It prefers bare, damp ground and is considered by horticulturalists in the United Kingdom as a persistent garden weed;[12][13] nevertheless, many specialist plantsmen, nursery owners and discerning gardeners in the UK and Europe collect selected cultivars of the plant, including bronze-leaved and double-flowered ones. Emerging in late winter with flowers appearing late February through May in the UK, its appearance across the landscape is regarded by many as a harbinger of spring.[12]
^ ab"Ficaria verna". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew – via The Plant List. Note that this website has been superseded by World Flora Online
^"Ficaria verna". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture.
^BSBI List 2007(xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
^Functional optics of glossy buttercup flowers Journal of the Royal Society Interface 14:20160933
^Buttercups focus light to heat their flowers and attract insects New Scientist 25 February 2017
^"Weed of the Week - Lesser Celandine". University of Maryland Extension. Archived from the original on 2016-03-02. Retrieved 2016-02-12.
^ ab"Lesser celandine, Ficaria verna". Washington State Noxious Weed Control Board. Archived from the original on 24 March 2016. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
^USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Ranunculus ficaria". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
^"Weed Risk Assessment for Ficaria verna Huds (Ranunculaceae) – Fig buttercup" (PDF). Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. United States Department of Agriculture. August 12, 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 February 2016. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
^Post, Angela R.; Krings, Alexander; Wall, Wade A.; Neal, Joseph C. (2009-01-01). "Introduced Lesser Celandine (Ranunculus Ficaria, Ranunculaceae) And Its Putative Subspecies In The United States: A Morphometric Analysis". Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. 3 (1): 193–209. JSTOR 41972152.
^"6 NYCRR Part 575 Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Species Express Terms - NYS Dept. of Environmental Conservation". www.dec.ny.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-03-02. Revised pdf copy (updated 10 September 2014)
^ abBond, W; Davies, G; Turner, R (November 2007). "The biology and non-chemical control of Lesser Celandine (Ranunculus ficaria L.)" (PDF). Henry Doubleday Research Association. Ryton Organic Gardens. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
^Don, Monty (2001-04-22). "Invasion of the soil snatchers". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2016-02-12.
Ficariaverna (formerly Ranunculus ficaria L.), commonly known as lesser celandine or pilewort, is a low-growing, hairless perennial flowering plant in...
Ranunculus. The genus includes Ficariaverna, known as fig buttercup or lesser celandine, and related species. The name "Ficaria" is Classical Latin for fig...
introduced widely in North America. The plant known as lesser celandine (Ficariaverna) is not closely related, as it belongs to the buttercup family Ranunculaceae...
majus, greater celandine, in the poppy family Ficariaverna, Lesser celandine (formerly Ranunculus ficaria), in the buttercup family Stylophorum diphyllum...
"Why do flowers close at night? Experiments with the Lesser celandine Ficariaverna Huds (Ranunculaceae)" (PDF). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society...
especially the perennials, form rhizomes that develop new roots each year. Ficariaverna can reproduce vegetatively by means of root tubers produced in the leaf...
to Erechtites hieracifolia, or burnweed, a plant in the aster family Ficariaverna, or lesser celandine, a plant in the buttercup family This page is an...
specify whether this refers to chelidonium majus (greater celandine) or ficariaverna (lesser celandine), both of which are native to Europe and used in herbal...
Vetchling, Lathyrus pratensis, in anthill meadow Lesser celandine, Ficariaverna, near car park Broad-leaved dock, Rumex obtusifolius, on ramp Buddleia...
are two subcommunities: the Armeria maritima subcommunity the Ranunculus ficaria subcommunity John S. Rodwell (2000) British Plant Communities Volume 5...
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