"Smallpox hospital" redirects here. For the abandoned hospital in New York, see Smallpox Hospital.
A fever hospital or isolation hospital is a hospital for infectious diseases such as Scarlet fever, Tuberculosis, Lassa fever and Smallpox. Their purpose is to treat affected people while isolating them from the general population. Early examples included the Liverpool Fever Hospital (1801) and the London Fever Hospital (1802).[1]: 13 Other examples occurred elsewhere in the British Isles and India.
The hospitals became common in England when laws were passed at the end of the 19th century, requiring notification of infectious diseases so that public health officers could ensure that the patients were isolated. During the 20th century, immunisation and antibiotics reduced the impact of these diseases.[2] After the introduction of the National Health Service in 1948, the hospitals were wound down so that, by 1968, there were few left.[1]: 27
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic a number of temporary isolation wards within existing hospitals were established as well as several temporary hospitals,[3] such as the nightingale hospitals in England which were little used in many countries with the notable exception of China.[4]
It has been suggested that creating modern isolation hospitals might be an effective way of managing highly infectious diseases as was shown in China during the COVID-19 pandemic.[4] however the lack of staff to operate these facilities, the large costs for no ongoing direct patient benefit and the inability to use other hospital facilities to provide care for patients have been cited as the key reasons why fever hospitals are not appropriate in modern healthcare.[5]
^ abCite error: The named reference Currie was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Spec was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Campos, Afonso Teberga; dos Santos, Carlos Henrique; Gabriel, Gustavo Teodoro; Montevechi, José Arnaldo Barra (2022-03-01). "Safety assessment for temporary hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A simulation approach". Safety Science. 147: 105642. doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2021.105642. ISSN 0925-7535. PMC 8692075. PMID 34955606.
^ abWang, Jiangshan; Zong, Liang; Zhang, Jinghong; Sun, Han; Harold Walline, Joseph; Sun, Pengxia; Xu, Shengyong; Li, Yan; Wang, Chunting; Liu, Jihai; Li, Fan; Xu, Jun; Li, Yi; Yu, Xuezhong; Zhu, Huadong (2020). "Identifying the effects of an upgraded 'fever clinic' on COVID-19 control and the workload of emergency department: Retrospective study in a tertiary hospital in China". BMJ Open. 10 (8): e039177. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039177. PMC 7440187. PMID 32819955.
^Singh, Shalendra; Ambooken, George Cherian; Setlur, Rangraj; Paul, Shamik Kr; Kanitkar, Madhuri; Singh Bhatia, Surinder; Singh Kanwar, Ratnesh (2021-02-01). "Challenges faced in establishing a dedicated 250 bed COVID-19 intensive care unit in a temporary structure". Trends in Anaesthesia and Critical Care. 36: 9–16. doi:10.1016/j.tacc.2020.10.006. ISSN 2210-8440. PMC 7647395.
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