King of Aragon, Sicily, Naples, and Valencia (1452–1516)
Ferdinand II
Catholic King of the Spains[a]
Portrait by Michael Sittow
King of Aragon
(more...)
Reign
20 January 1479 – 23 January 1516
Predecessor
John II
Successor
Joanna
King of Castile and León
(jure uxoris) (as Ferdinand V)
Reign
15 January 1475 – 26 November 1504
Predecessor
Isabella I
Successor
Joanna
Alongside
Isabella I
Born
10 March 1452 Sos, Aragon
Died
23 January 1516 (aged 63) Madrigalejo, Extremadura
Burial
Royal Chapel of Granada
Spouses
Isabella I of Castile
(m. 1469; died 1504)
Germaine of Foix
(m. 1506)
Issue more...
Isabella, Queen of Portugal
John, Prince of Asturias
Joanna, Queen of Castile and Aragon
Maria, Queen of Portugal
Catherine, Queen of England
Alonso, Archbishop of Zaragoza and Viceroy of Aragon (ill.)
House
Trastámara
Father
John II of Aragon and Navarre
Mother
Juana Enríquez
Religion
Roman Catholicism
Signature
Ferdinand II[b] (10 March 1452 – 23 January 1516) was King of Aragon from 1479 until his death in 1516. As the husband of Queen Isabella I of Castile, he was also King of Castile from 1475 to 1504 (as Ferdinand V). He reigned jointly with Isabella over a dynastically unified Spain; together they are known as the Catholic Monarchs. Ferdinand is considered the de facto first king of Spain, and was described as such during his reign, even though, legally, Castile and Aragon remained two separate kingdoms until they were formally united by the Nueva Planta decrees issued between 1707 and 1716.[1]
The Crown of Aragon that Ferdinand inherited in 1479 included the kingdoms of Aragon, Valencia, Majorca, Sardinia, and Sicily, as well as the Principality of Catalonia. His marriage to Isabella is regarded as the "cornerstone in the foundation of the Spanish monarchy".[2] They played a major role in the European colonization of the Americas, sponsoring the first voyage of Christopher Columbus in 1492. That year the couple defeated Granada, the last Muslim state in Western Europe, thus completing the centuries-long Reconquista.
Following Isabella's death in 1504, the couple's daughter Joanna became queen of the Crown of Castile. That year, after a war with France, Ferdinand conquered the Kingdom of Naples. In 1507 he became regent of Castile on behalf of Joanna, who was alleged to be mentally unstable. In 1506, as part of a treaty with France, Ferdinand married Germaine of Foix, with whom he had no surviving children. In 1512 he conquered most of the Kingdom of Navarre, ruling all the territories comprising modern-day Spain until his death in 1516. He was nominally succeeded by his daughter Joanna, but power was soon assumed by her son Charles I (later Holy Roman Emperor Charles V).
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
^Aram, "Monarchs of Spain", p. 725.
^Bethany Aram, "Monarchs of Spain" in Iberia and the Americas, vol. 2, p. 725. Santa Barbara: ABC Clio 2006.
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