The Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation (FSB, ФСБ; Russian: Федеральная служба безопасности Российской Федерации, tr. Federal'naya sluzhba bezopasnosti Rossiyskoy Federatsii, IPA:[fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnəjəˈsluʐbəbʲɪzɐˈpasnəstʲɪrɐˈsʲijskəjfʲɪdʲɪˈratsɨɪ]; ФСБ России) is the principal security agency of Russia and the main successor agency to the Soviet Union's KGB; its immediate predecessor was the Federal Counterintelligence Service (FSK) which was reorganized into the FSB in 1995. The three major structural successor components of the former KGB that remain administratively independent of the FSB are the Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR), the Federal Protective Service (FSO), and the Main Directorate of Special Programs of the President of the Russian Federation (GUSP).
The primary responsibilities are within the country and include counter-intelligence, internal and border security, counterterrorism, surveillance and investigating some other types of serious crimes and federal law violations. It is headquartered in Lubyanka Square, Moscow's center, in the main building of the former KGB. The director of the FSB is appointed by and directly answerable to the president of Russia.[1] Being part of Russia's executive branch formally, the FSB has significant, if not decisive, power over it.[2]
In 2003, the FSB's responsibilities were expanded by incorporating the Border Guard Service and a major part of the Federal Agency of Government Communication and Information (FAPSI); this would include intelligence activities in countries that were once members of the Soviet Union, work formerly done by the KGB's Fifth Service. The SVR had in 1992 signed an agreement not to spy on those countries; the FSB had made no such commitment.
^"Статья 1. Федеральная служба безопасности и ее назначение". Archived from the original on 16 August 2018. Retrieved 16 August 2018.
^Chernysh, Vadym (5 March 2024). "The Ability of Russia's Federal Security Service to Influence the Executive Through its Apparatus of Seconded Employees". Journal of Strategic Security. 17 (1). doi:10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2164. ISSN 1944-0464.
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