It has been suggested that Coliform index be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since December 2023.
A fecal coliform (British: faecal coliform) is a facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, gram-negative, non-sporulating bacterium. Coliform bacteria generally originate in the intestines of warm-blooded animals. Fecal coliforms are capable of growth in the presence of bile salts or similar surface agents, are oxidase negative, and produce acid and gas from lactose within 48 hours at 44 ± 0.5°C.[1] The term thermotolerant coliform is more correct and is gaining acceptance over "fecal coliform".[2]
Coliform bacteria include genera that originate in feces (e.g. Escherichia) as well as genera not of fecal origin (e.g. Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Citrobacter). The assay is intended to be an indicator of fecal contamination; more specifically of E. coli which is an indicator microorganism for other pathogens that may be present in feces. Presence of fecal coliforms in water may not be directly harmful, and does not necessarily indicate the presence of feces.[1]
^ abDoyle, M. P., and M. C. Erickson. 2006. "Closing the door on the fecal coliform assay." Microbe 1:162–163. ISSN 1558-7460.
^Water Quality Monitoring – A Practical Guide to the Design and Implementation of Freshwater Quality Studies and Monitoring Programmes Edited by Jamie Bartram and Richard Ballance Published on behalf of United Nations Environment Programme and the World Health Organization. 1996 UNEP/WHO ISBN 0 419 22320 7 (Hbk) 0 419 21730 4 (Pbk)
can be distinguished from most other coliforms by its ability to ferment lactose at 44 °C in the fecalcoliform test, and by its growth and color reaction...
The coliform index is a rating of the purity of water based on a count of fecal bacteria. It is one of many tests done to assure sufficient water quality...
danger to humans but also to many species of animals. The levels of fecalcoliform bacteria from human waste in the river near Varanasi are more than 100...
freshwater beaches. It is believed to provide a higher correlation than fecalcoliform with many of the human pathogens often found in city sewage. Parte AC...
technology for conventional pollutants" (BCT) standards for reducing fecalcoliform pathogen. Lastly, the court ordered the EPA to provide additional analysis...
indicators are total coliforms, fecalcoliforms, E. coli, and enterococci. The presence of bacteria commonly found in human feces, termed coliform bacteria (e...
that suffers from the city's poor waste treatment. In its waters, "fecalcoliform bacteria sometimes spike at 16 times the Brazilian government's 'satisfactory'...
surrounding the beach is heavily polluted, and swimming should be avoided. Fecalcoliform was recorded in the water in 2013 at levels of 1455 per 100 mL, far...
extensive littering of plastic and paper. Human waste, illustrated by the urinating man, increase fecalcoliform and other bacteria levels in the water....
Natural Resources reported significant drop of fecalcoliform level in the waters around the beach. Fecalcoliform level in Manila Bay dropped from 7.16 million...
dogs, monkeys, vultures, snakes, toads and humans. It is considered a fecalcoliform. P. shigelloides is a global distributed species, found globally outside...
Enterobacter is a member of the coliform group of bacteria. It does not belong to the fecalcoliforms (or thermotolerant coliforms) group of bacteria, unlike...
total coliforms, or a subset of this group, fecalcoliforms, which are found in the intestinal tracts of warm blooded animals. Total coliforms were used...
"search and rescue" situations, serious medical emergencies, high fecalcoliform count, and chemical spills (either inside the pool itself or over the...
sewage discharge by towns along its course and contains high amount of Fecalcoliform. Being a pilgrim center, the stretch of Indrayani River at Alandi, by...
ESH-ə-RIK-ee-ə KOH-ly) is a gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium of the genus Escherichia that is commonly found in the lower...
containing fecalcoliforms with a median count of 3.9 log cfu/ml. The contamination was more in the rainy season. Numbers of fecalcoliforms increased...
produces gas from lactose within 48 hours. The presence of some coliforms indicate fecal contamination. The term "IMViC" is an acronym for each of these...
to drink," according to Carroll County government official, due to "fecalcoliform bacteria levels." The newspaper also recalled that in 1976 Carroll County...
adjacent to Winthrop had far-reaching environmental and political effects. Fecalcoliform bacteria levels forced frequent swimming prohibitions along the harbor...
pollutants at variable strengths and that it can contain levels of fecalcoliform bacteria several times greater than is typically found in untreated...
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