Several expanded-memory pages are bank-switched in the page frame, part of the upper memory area.
In DOS memory management, expanded memory is a system of bank switching that provided additional memory to DOS programs beyond the limit of conventional memory (640 KiB).
Expanded memory is an umbrella term for several incompatible technology variants. The most widely used variant was the Expanded Memory Specification (EMS), which was developed jointly by Lotus Software, Intel, and Microsoft, so that this specification was sometimes referred to as "LIM EMS". LIM EMS had several versions. The first widely implemented version was EMS 3.2, which supported up to 8 MiB of expanded memory and uses parts of the address space normally dedicated to communication with peripherals (upper memory) to map portions of the expanded memory. EEMS, an expanded-memory management standard competing with LIM EMS 3.x, was developed by AST Research, Quadram and Ashton-Tate ("AQA"); it could map any area of the lower 1 MiB. EEMS ultimately was incorporated in LIM EMS 4.0, which supported up to 32 MiB of expanded memory and provided some support for DOS multitasking as well. IBM, however, created its own expanded-memory standard called XMA.
The use of expanded memory became common with games and business programs such as Lotus 1-2-3 in the late 1980s through the mid-1990s, but its use declined as users switched from DOS to protected-mode operating systems such as Linux, IBM OS/2, and Microsoft Windows.
In DOS memory management, expandedmemory is a system of bank switching that provided additional memory to DOS programs beyond the limit of conventional...
under DOS. Extended memory should not be confused with expandedmemory (EMS), an earlier method for expanding the IBM PC's memory capacity beyond 640...
The Memory Stick is a removable flash memory card format, originally launched by Sony in late 1998. In addition to the original Memory Stick, this family...
Quarterdeck ExpandedMemory Manager (QEMM) is a memory manager produced by Quarterdeck Office Systems in the late 1980s through the late 1990s. It was...
program) the expandedmemory board to map that part of memory into the processor's address space. Although applications could use expandedmemory with relative...
Memory is the faculty of the mind by which data or information is encoded, stored, and retrieved when needed. It is the retention of information over time...
extended memory area; an addressable region of memory under a DOS Extender ExpandedMemory Adapter, an IBM standard for XT-era expandedmemory XMA, part...
Memory segmentation is an operating system memory management technique of dividing a computer's primary memory into segments or sections. In a computer...
Eidetic memory (/aɪˈdɛtɪk/ eye-DET-ik), also known as photographic memory and total recall, is the ability to recall an image from memory with high precision—at...
multitask several DOS programs and the paged memory model to emulate expandedmemory using available extended memory. Windows/286, in spite of its name, runs...
Officially Endorse Microsoft's Extended Memory Spec, InfoWorld, October 3, 1988 Tutor: Expanded vs. extended memory, PC Magazine, December 26, 1989, p. 309–10...
expanded memory can be emulated using extended memory so this method of providing upper memory blocks is usually provided by the expandedmemory manager...
the expandedmemory manager of Microsoft's MS-DOS, IBM's PC DOS, Digital Research's DR-DOS, and Datalight's ROM-DOS which is used to create expanded memory...
When Lotus 1-2-3 was launched in 1983, taking full advantage of the expandedmemory and screen of the IBM PC, VisiCalc sales declined so rapidly that the...
make maximum use of extended memory on Intel 80386 processors, by transforming it into expandedmemory and upper memory blocks (UMBs) accessible to DESQview...
In DOS memory management, conventional memory, also called base memory, is the first 640 kilobytes of the memory on IBM PC or compatible systems. It is...
Flash memory is an electronic non-volatile computer memory storage medium that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. The two main types of flash...
ELF—Executable and Linkable Format ELM—ELectronic Mail EMACS—Editor MACroS EMS—ExpandedMemory Specification ENIAC—Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer EOD—End...
variant further, for a total of 640 KB conventional memory, and possibly several megabytes of expandedmemory beyond that, though on PC/XT-class machines, the...
CEMM, for Compaq ExpandedMemory Manager was the first so-called PC "memory manager" for Intel 80386 CPUs, able to provide expandedmemory (EMS) emulation...
working memory. Other suggested names were short-term memory, primary memory, immediate memory, operant memory, and provisional memory. Short-term memory is...
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