Global InformationEstradiol acetate information
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| Pronunciation | /ˌɛstrəˈdaɪoʊl ˈæsəteɪt/ ES-trə-DY-ohl ASS-ə-tayt[1] |
| Trade names | Femtrace, Femring, Menoring |
| Other names | EA; E2A; E3A; Estradiol 3-acetate |
| Routes of administration | By mouth, vaginal (ring)[2] |
| Drug class | Estrogen; Estrogen ester |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.167.088 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C20H26O3 |
| Molar mass | 314.425 g·mol−1 |
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Estradiol acetate (EA), sold under the brand names Femtrace, Femring, and Menoring, is an estrogen medication which is used in hormone therapy for the treatment of menopausal symptoms in women.[3][4][5][6] It is taken by mouth once daily or given as a vaginal ring once every three months.[2]
Side effects of estradiol acetate include breast tenderness, breast enlargement, nausea, headache, and fluid retention.[7][5][6] Estradiol acetate is an estrogen and hence is an agonist of the estrogen receptor, the biological target of estrogens like estradiol.[8][9] It is an estrogen ester and a prodrug of estradiol in the body.[9][8] Because of this, it is considered to be a natural and bioidentical form of estrogen.[9][10]
Estradiol acetate was introduced for medical use in 2001.[11] It is available in the United States and the United Kingdom.[11][3] The formulation for use by mouth has been discontinued in the United States.[12]
- ^ "Estradiol: Uses, Dosage & Side Effects". Drugs.com. Retrieved 21 April 2023.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
pmid17506242was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b "Estradiol Monograph for Professionals".
- ^ Buckler H, Al-Azzawi F (August 2003). "The effect of a novel vaginal ring delivering oestradiol acetate on climacteric symptoms in postmenopausal women". BJOG. 110 (8): 753–759. doi:10.1016/s1470-0328(03)02908-2. PMID 12892687.
- ^ a b "Highlights of prescribing information" (PDF). accessdata.fda.gov. 2014. Retrieved 21 April 2023.
- ^ a b "FEMRING". DailyMed. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Ghosh2010was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b Kuhl H (August 2005). "Pharmacology of estrogens and progestogens: influence of different routes of administration". Climacteric. 8 (Suppl 1): 3–63. doi:10.1080/13697130500148875. PMID 16112947. S2CID 24616324.
- ^ a b c Kuhnz W, Blode H, Zimmermann H (6 December 2012). "Pharmacokinetics of Exogenous Natural and Synthetic Estrogens and Antiestrogens". In Oettel M, Schillinger E (eds.). Estrogens and Antiestrogens II: Pharmacology and Clinical Application of Estrogens and Antiestrogen. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Vol. 135 / 2. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 261. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-60107-1_15. ISBN 978-3-642-60107-1.
Natural estrogens considered here include: [...] Esters of 17β-estradiol, such as estradiol valerate, estradiol benzoate and estradiol cypionate. Esterification aims at either better absorption after oral administration or a sustained release from the depot after intramuscular administration. During absorption, the esters are cleaved by endogenous esterases and the pharmacologically active 17β-estradiol is released; therefore, the esters are considered as natural estrogens.
- ^ Cirigliano M (June 2007). "Bioidentical hormone therapy: a review of the evidence". Journal of Women's Health. 16 (5): 600–631. doi:10.1089/jwh.2006.0311. PMID 17627398.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
pmid15382956was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Femtrace-FDAwas invoked but never defined (see the help page).