The equal footing doctrine, also known as equality of the states, is the principle in United States constitutional law that all states admitted to the Union under the Constitution since 1789 enter on equal footing with the 13 states already in the Union at that time. The Constitution grants to Congress the power to admit new states in Article IV, Section 3, Clause 1, which states:
New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new State shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or Parts of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress.[1]
In each act of admission since that of Tennessee in 1796, Congress has specified that the new state joins the Union "on an equal footing with the original States in all respects whatever".[1] Previously, when Vermont was admitted in 1791, its act of admission said Vermont was to be "a new and entire member" of the United States.[2]
^ ab"Doctrine of the Equality of States". Justia.com. Retrieved January 30, 2012.
^"An Act for the admission of the State of Vermont into this Union". Avalon Project. Yale Law School. September 15, 2022. Retrieved September 15, 2022.
The equalfooting doctrine, also known as equality of the states, is the principle in United States constitutional law that all states admitted to the...
been admitted into the Union. Each new state has been admitted on an equalfooting with those already in existence. Of the 37 states admitted to the Union...
The Equal Protection Clause is part of the first section of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The clause, which took effect...
literally means "with an equal step" or "on equalfooting". It is sometimes translated as "ranking equally", "hand-in-hand", "with equal force", or "moving...
The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) is a proposed amendment to the U.S. Constitution that would, if added, explicitly prohibit sex discrimination. It was...
consent of all states involved, and each new state is admitted on an equalfooting with the existing states. The United States has control over fourteen...
the Lok Sabha, can be prorogued by the president. The Rajya Sabha has equalfooting in legislation with the Lok Sabha, except in the area of supply, where...
the same footing in this regard, in reality, it is the Lok Sabha's opinions that mostly prevail—due to its bigger numerical strength. Equal Powers with...
Ardipithecus, Praeanthropus, and possibly Sahelanthropus, may be placed on equalfooting alongside the genus Homo. An even more extreme view rejects the division...
make isolated footings eccentrically loaded, combined footings are preferred. When the load among the columns is equal, the combined footing may be rectangular...
to avoid suggesting Taiwan and the People's Republic of China are on equalfooting. Australian sinologist Wang Gungwu has characterised the concept as...
Coyle v. Smith was the U.S. Supreme Court Case that helped define the equalfooting doctrine. On December 29, 1910, the state of Oklahoma enacted a statute...
held that the Constitution requires all states to be admitted on an equalfooting, though the Admissions Clause does not expressly include this requirement...
from the original seven to 13. Each new state had been admitted on an equalfooting with the existing states. Under Article IV, Section 3, Clause 1 of the...
countries, although in others the best man and bridesmaid participate on an equalfooting. While the best man's required duties are only those of a friend, in...
achieve that goal. Common-law precedent is a third kind of law, on equalfooting with statutory law (that is, statutes and codes enacted by legislative...
people's means to restrain the lords. The lords are by no means on an equalfooting with the people. Hence we cannot mention the rule by law proposed by...
the Founding Fathers to construct the Senate so that each state had equalfooting not based on population, and contend that the result works well on balance...
involve a suspect class or fundamental right, but still arise under the Equal Protection Clause or Due Process Clause. Presumption of constitutionality...
created a new genre, of modern Punjabi kissa. Today, his poetry stands in equalfooting, amongst that by stalwarts of modern Punjabi poetry, like Mohan Singh...
proposed a legislature consisting of a single house. Each state was to have equal representation in this body, regardless of population. The New Jersey Plan...
categorized in any way; the organizers have stated that "they are all on an equalfooting," with the exception of Don Quixote which was given the distinction...
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