Phonological process involving the addition of one or more sounds to a word
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Sound change and alternation
Metathesis
Quantitative metathesis
Lenition
Consonant gradation
Consonant voicing and devoicing
Assibilation
Spirantization
L-vocalization
Debuccalization
Fortition
Epenthesis
Prothesis
Paragoge
Unpacking
Vowel breaking
Elision
Apheresis
Syncope
Apocope
Haplology
Cluster reduction
Transphonologization
Compensatory lengthening
Nasalization
Tonogenesis
Floating tone
Assimilation
Fusion
Coarticulation
Palatalization
Velarization
Labialization
Final devoicing
Metaphony (vowel harmony, umlaut)
Consonant harmony
Dissimilation
Sandhi
Liaison, linking R
Consonant mutation
Tone sandhi
Vowel hiatus
Synalepha
Elision
Crasis
Synaeresis and diaeresis
Synizesis
Other types
Apophony
Affrication
Gemination
Clipping
Fronting
Raising
Betacism
Iotacism
Fusion
Merger
Compensatory lengthening
Monophthongization
Rhotacism
Rhinoglottophilia
Sulcalization
Shm-reduplication
Consonant mutation
Vowel shift
Chain shift
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This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.
In phonology, epenthesis (/ɪˈpɛnθəsɪs,ɛ-/; Greek ἐπένθεσις) means the addition of one or more sounds to a word, especially in the beginning syllable (prothesis) or in the ending syllable (paragoge) or in-between two syllabic sounds in a word. The word epenthesis comes from epi-'in addition to' and en-'in' and thesis'putting'. Epenthesis may be divided into two types: excrescence for the addition of a consonant, and for the addition of a vowel, svarabhakti (in Sanskrit) or alternatively anaptyxis (/ˌænəpˈtɪksɪs/). The opposite process, where one or more sounds are removed, is referred to as elision.
syllabic sounds in a word. The word epenthesis comes from epi- 'in addition to' and en- 'in' and thesis 'putting'. Epenthesis may be divided into two types:...
by adding an extra consonant. A consonant may be added between vowels (epenthesis) to prevent hiatus. That is most often a semivowel or a glottal, but all...
Old Norse, Old Nordic, or Old Scandinavian is a stage of development of North Germanic dialects before their final divergence into separate Nordic languages...
apocopated in final position after nasals: lamb, long /læm/, /lɒŋ ~ lɔːŋ/. Epenthesis (also known as anaptyxis): The introduction of a sound between two adjacent...
described using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). Elision Elocution Epenthesis Help:IPA/English — the principal key used in Wikipedia articles to transcribe...
This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For...
Belter Creole, also simply known as Belter (Belter Creole: lang belta), is a constructed language developed by the linguist and polyglot Nick Farmer for...
Pijin (or Solomons Pidgin) is a language spoken in Solomon Islands. It is closely related to Tok Pisin of Papua New Guinea and Bislama of Vanuatu; these...
[ɐðɨˈβɛɾsu], but in southern Portugal there is often no epenthesis, [psikuluˈʒiɐ], [ɐdˈvɛɾsu]. Epenthesis at the end of a word does not normally occur in Portugal...
Music portal Anacrusis Counting (music) Syncopation (dance) Syncope and epenthesis, analogous linguistic concepts where vocal rhythm causes the loss or addition...
The main exception to this is ⟨ng⟩ which is mainly used for /ŋ/ or /ɲ/. Epenthesis does not occur after long vowels and diphthongs, e.g. téarma /tʲeːɾˠmˠə/...
from Russian. Vowel epenthesis from Russian to Nenets крупа (krupa) > xurupa "cereals" класс (klass) > xalas "class" Vowel epenthesis from Russian to Nganasan...
uyyāna Nasals sometimes assimilate to a preceding stop (in other cases epenthesis occurs) Examples: agni (fire) → aggi, ātman (self) → atta, prāpnoti →...
clitics, suffixes, root inflection, ending morphology, elision, sandhi, epenthesis, and assimilation; the beginning, core, and end of words can each change...
/ˈkɜːnel/ pronunciation with the rhotic r, which is absent in writing. Epenthesis, or the addition of sounds, is common in environments where liquids are...
consonants become ejectives pre-pausa. In Tapieté, epenthesis of [x] occurs when /ɨ/ is in pausa, while epenthesis of [ʔ] occurs when any other vowel is in pausa...
is an unconditioned sound change, whereas other scholars speak about epenthesis or umlaut. The long high vowels of Middle High German underwent breaking...
meanma /ˈmʲan̪ˠəmˠə/ ('mind'), ainmhí /ˈanʲəvʲiː/ ('animal'). There is no epenthesis, however, if the vowel preceding the cluster is long or a diphthong: fáirbre...
Steele) “A constraint-based analysis of intraspeaker variation: Vocalic epenthesis in Vimeu Picard”. In Teresa Satterfield, Christina Tortora, & Diana Cresti...
speech may involve the elision of the /d/ from /ndz/ rather than epenthesis in /nz/. Epenthesis of a stop between a nasal and a fricative can also occur in...
word. Often caused by nativization, it is a type of epenthesis, most commonly vocalic epenthesis.[citation needed] Paragoge is particularly common in...
Day", was instigated in 2017. The Suffolk dialect is very distinctive. Epenthesis and yod-dropping is common, along with non-conjugation of verbs. The county's...
Latin, either by dropping them (apocope) or adding a vowel after them (epenthesis). Many final consonants were rare, occurring only in certain prepositions...
Brazilian Portuguese (Portuguese: português brasileiro; [poʁtuˈɡe(j)z bɾaziˈle(j)ɾu]) is the set of varieties of the Portuguese language native to Brazil...
syllable codas Reduction of consonant clusters or breaking them with epenthesis Elimination of aspiration or sound changes Monophthongization is common...
non-syllabic consonants never surface without epenthesis. Sequences of two consonants sometimes cause epenthesis, depending on the consonants in question....
Yawelmani Yokuts (also spelled Yowlumne and Yauelmani) is an endangered dialect of Southern Valley Yokuts historically spoken by the Yokuts living along...