Empirical evidence for the spherical shape of Earth information
Multiple proofs regarding Earth's approximately spherical shape
The roughly spherical shape of Earth can be empirically evidenced by many different types of observation, ranging from ground level, flight, or orbit. The spherical shape causes a number of effects and phenomena that combined disprove flat Earth beliefs.
These include the visibility of distant objects on Earth's surface; lunar eclipses; appearance of the Moon; observation of the sky from altitude; observation of certain fixed stars from different locations; observing the Sun; surface navigation; grid distortion on a spherical surface; weather systems; gravity; and modern technology.
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concentrations beneath Earth's surface. The roughly sphericalshapeofEarth can be empiricallyevidenced by many different types of observation, ranging from ground...
strong empiricalevidencefor a sphericalEarth. Knowledge oftheEarth's global shape gradually began to spread beyond the Hellenistic world. By the early...
determination EmpiricalevidenceforthesphericalshapeofEarth § Observation of certain, fixed stars from different locations Guide star Lists of stars Worship...
value about 3/4 ofthe actual size. Claudius Ptolemy around 150 AD gave empiricalevidence supporting a sphericalEarth, but he accepted the lesser value...
and sphericalearth, as well as an enormous mountain opposite it, "Purgatory". In Native American mythology, it is said that the ancestors ofthe Mandan...
cosmology, theshapeofthe universe refers to both its local and global geometry. Local geometry is defined primarily by its curvature, while the global...
conceptions of the Earth held it to be flat, with the heavens being a physical dome spanning over it. Early arguments for a sphericalEarth pointed to various...
usually combined the geocentric model with a sphericalEarth, in contrast to the older flat-Earth model implied in some mythology. However, the Greek astronomer...
nearly spherical, but scientists use an equivalent diameter to characterize the properties of various shapesof solid particles, some very irregular. The equivalent...
most perfect and uniform shape, that of a sphere containing the fixed stars. But it posited that the planets were spherical bodies set in rotating bands...
Viikinkoski, M.; Hanuš, J.; et al. (28 October 2019). "A basin-free sphericalshape as an outcome of a giant impact on asteroid Hygiea, Supplementary Information"...
Earth paradigm. World maps assuming a sphericalEarth first appear in the Hellenistic period. The developments of Greek geography during this time, notably...
science that tries to explain and predict nature's phenomena, based on empiricalevidence. In natural science, hypotheses must be verified scientifically to...
as a blurring ofthe image. Spherical aberration can be minimised with normal lens shapes by carefully choosing the surface curvatures for a particular...
charge distribution with a mean square radius of about 0.8 fm. Theshapeofthe atomic nucleus can be spherical, rugby ball-shaped (prolate deformation),...
repeat the same path exactly and indefinitely, any non-spherical or non-Newtonian effects (such as caused by the slight oblateness oftheEarth, or by...
that the void must exist between all atoms. Leucippus and Democritus proposed that heat, fire, and the soul are made ofspherical atoms, as this shape would...
unclear if motivated by empirical observations, the concept of a sphericalEarth apparently first gained intellectual dominance in the Pythagorean school in...
empiricalevidence to verify this. He noted that theEarth's shadow during a lunar eclipse is curved from any angle (near the horizon or high in the sky)...
being pulled into a sphericalshape by its own gravity. Although the second-most-massive Neptunian moon, it is only 0.25% the mass of Triton. Neptune's...
sphere that encompasses theEarth's entire sky and is stationary with respect to the background stars. It is the basis forspherical astronomy. centaur A...
explained day and night was caused by the diurnal rotation oftheEarth. He also provided empiricalevidencefor his notion from his astronomical experiments...
seasons relative to the orbit are "back where they started". (Other effects also slowly change theshape and orientation oftheEarth's orbit, and these...