Supposed links between fictional and actual violence
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The study of violence in mass media analyzes the degree of correlation between themes of violence in media sources (particularly violence in video games, television and films) with real-world aggression and violence over time.
Many social scientists support the correlation,[1][2][3] however, some scholars argue that media research has methodological problems and that findings are exaggerated.[4][5][6][7][excessive citations] Other scholars have suggested that the correlation exists, but can be unconventional to the current public belief.
Complaints about the possible detrimental effects of mass media appear throughout history; Plato was concerned about the effects of plays on youth.[8] Various media/genres, including dime novels, comic books, jazz, rock and roll, role playing/computer games, television, films, internet (by computer or cell phone) and many others have attracted speculation that consumers of such media may become more aggressive, rebellious or immoral. This has led some scholars to conclude that statements made by some researchers merely fit into a cycle of media-based moral panics.[9] The advent of television prompted research into the effects of this new medium in the 1960s. Much of this research has been guided by social learning theory, developed by Albert Bandura. Social learning theory suggests that one way in which human beings learn is by the process of modeling. Another popular theory is George Gerbner's cultivation theory, which suggests that viewers cultivate a lot of violence seen on television and apply it to the real world. Other theories include social cognitive theory, the catalyst model, and moral panic theory.
^Di Tella, Rafael; Freria, Lucía; Gálvez, Ramiro H.; Schargrodsky, Ernesto; Shalom, Diego; Sigman, Mariano (2019). "Crime and violence: Desensitization in victims to watching criminal events" (PDF). Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization. 159: 613–25. doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2017.10.005.
^Cite error: The named reference Anderson et al 2003 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Media Violence Commission, International Society for Research on Aggression (2012). "Report of the Media Violence Commission". Aggressive Behavior. 38 (5): 335–41. doi:10.1002/ab.21443. PMID 22886500. S2CID 36571505.
^Ferguson, Christopher J.; Kilburn, John (May 2009). "The Public Health Risks of Media Violence: A Meta-Analytic Review". The Journal of Pediatrics. 154 (5): 759–763. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.11.033. PMID 19230901.
^Cite error: The named reference freedman2002 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Pinker, Steven (2002). The blank slate: the modern denial of human nature. New York: Penguin. ISBN 0-670-03151-8. OCLC 49320481.
^Savage, Joanne (November 2004). "Does viewing violent media really cause criminal violence? A methodological review". Aggression and Violent Behavior. 10 (1): 99–128. doi:10.1016/j.avb.2003.10.001.
^Weaver, Erin (2007). "Based on a True Story: The Use of Truth on the Didactic Stage". Inquiry@Queen's (1): 1–5. hdl:1974/1062.
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